Tomasz Sozański1, Alicja Z Kucharska2, Jerzy Wiśniewski3, Mariusz G Fleszar3, Andrzej Rapak4, Agnieszka Gomułkiewicz5, Piotr Dzięgiel6, Jan Magdalan7, Beata Nowak7, Dorota Szumny7, Agnieszka Matuszewska7, Narcyz Piórecki8, Adam Szeląg7, Małgorzata Trocha7. 1. Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Jana Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, Wrocław 50-345, Poland. Electronic address: tsoz@wp.pl. 2. Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, Wrocław 51-630, Poland. 3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, Wrocław 50-368, Poland. 4. Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Immunobiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, Wrocław 53-114, Poland. 5. Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a, Wrocław 50-368, Poland. 6. Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Division of Histology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 6a, Wrocław 50-368, Poland; Department of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, I.J. Paderewskiego 35, Wroclaw 51-612, Poland. 7. Department of Pharmacology, Wroclaw Medical University, Jana Mikulicza-Radeckiego 2, Wrocław 50-345, Poland. 8. Bolestraszyce Arboretum and Institute of Physiography, Przemyśl 37-700, Poland; Department of Tourism and Recreation, University of Rzeszow, Towarnickiego 3, Rzeszów 35-959, Poland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although fruit and vegetable-rich diets have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases, we have little knowledge of the impact of fruits and their constituents, iridoids and anthocyanins, on the l-arginine-ADMA-DDAH pathway. Our previous study demonstrated the modulation of those factors by the oral administration of the cornelian cherry fruit. HYPOTHESIS/ PURPOSE: We have assessed the effects of the oral administration of two main constituents isolated from the cornelian cherry fruit, iridoid loganic acid and anthocyanins, on l-arginine, its derivatives (ADMA, SDMA), metabolites (DMA, l-citrulline), and the hepatic DDAH activity and its isoform expression in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet. We have also analyzed eNOS expression in the thoracic aorta as well as the redox status in blood. STUDY DESIGN: In the present study, we used an animal model of diet induced atherosclerosis. For 60 days, white New Zealand rabbits were fed a standard diet, a 1% cholesterol enriched diet, or concomitantly with the investigated substances. l-arginine, ADMA, SDMA, DMA, and l-citrulline were assessed using the LC-MS/MS method. DDAH activity and redox parameters were analyzed spectrophotometrically. DDAH1 and DDAH2 isoform expressions were assessed by western blotting, mRNA expression of eNOS was quantified by real-time PCR. RESULTS: We demonstrated that the administration of loganic acid (20 mg/kg b.w.), and to a lesser extent of anthocyanins (10 mg/kg b.w.), caused an increase in the l-arginine level and the l-arginine/ADMA ratio. Also, both substances decreased ADMA, DMA, and l-citrulline, but not SDMA levels. Anthocyanins, but not loganic acid, enhanced the activity of DDAH in the liver. Anthocyanins also significantly enhanced both DDAH1 and DDAH2 expression, while loganic acid to a lesser extent enhanced DDAH1 but not DDAH2 expression. Both loganic acid and anthocyanins pronouncedly increased mRNA expression of eNOS in thoracic aortas. Both loganic acid and anthocyanins reversed the blood glutathione level depleted by dietary cholesterol. Cholesterol feeding decreased the blood GPx level, and the change was not reversed by anthocyanins or loganic acid. We did not observe any significant differences in the blood levels of MDA or SOD among the groups. CONCLUSION: Iridoids and anthocyanins may modulate the l-arginine-ADMA pathway in subjects fed a high-cholesterol diet.
BACKGROUND: Although fruit and vegetable-rich diets have beneficial effects on cardiovascular diseases, we have little knowledge of the impact of fruits and their constituents, iridoids and anthocyanins, on the l-arginine-ADMA-DDAH pathway. Our previous study demonstrated the modulation of those factors by the oral administration of the cornelian cherry fruit. HYPOTHESIS/ PURPOSE: We have assessed the effects of the oral administration of two main constituents isolated from the cornelian cherry fruit, iridoid loganic acid and anthocyanins, on l-arginine, its derivatives (ADMA, SDMA), metabolites (DMA, l-citrulline), and the hepatic DDAH activity and its isoform expression in rabbits fed a high-cholesterol diet. We have also analyzed eNOS expression in the thoracic aorta as well as the redox status in blood. STUDY DESIGN: In the present study, we used an animal model of diet induced atherosclerosis. For 60 days, white New Zealand rabbits were fed a standard diet, a 1% cholesterol enriched diet, or concomitantly with the investigated substances. l-arginine, ADMA, SDMA, DMA, and l-citrulline were assessed using the LC-MS/MS method. DDAH activity and redox parameters were analyzed spectrophotometrically. DDAH1 and DDAH2 isoform expressions were assessed by western blotting, mRNA expression of eNOS was quantified by real-time PCR. RESULTS: We demonstrated that the administration of loganic acid (20 mg/kg b.w.), and to a lesser extent of anthocyanins (10 mg/kg b.w.), caused an increase in the l-arginine level and the l-arginine/ADMA ratio. Also, both substances decreased ADMA, DMA, and l-citrulline, but not SDMA levels. Anthocyanins, but not loganic acid, enhanced the activity of DDAH in the liver. Anthocyanins also significantly enhanced both DDAH1 and DDAH2 expression, while loganic acid to a lesser extent enhanced DDAH1 but not DDAH2 expression. Both loganic acid and anthocyanins pronouncedly increased mRNA expression of eNOS in thoracic aortas. Both loganic acid and anthocyanins reversed the blood glutathione level depleted by dietary cholesterol. Cholesterol feeding decreased the blood GPx level, and the change was not reversed by anthocyanins or loganic acid. We did not observe any significant differences in the blood levels of MDA or SOD among the groups. CONCLUSION: Iridoids and anthocyanins may modulate the l-arginine-ADMA pathway in subjects fed a high-cholesterol diet.
Authors: Jen-Tsan Chi; Pao-Hwa Lin; Vladimir Tolstikov; Lauren Howard; Emily Y Chen; Valerie Bussberg; Bennett Greenwood; Niven R Narain; Michael A Kiebish; Stephen J Freedland Journal: Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis Date: 2022-03-25 Impact factor: 5.455
Authors: Marta Szandruk-Bender; Maria Rutkowska; Anna Merwid-Ląd; Benita Wiatrak; Adam Szeląg; Stanisław Dzimira; Beata Sobieszczańska; Małgorzata Krzystek-Korpacka; Alicja Z Kucharska; Agnieszka Matuszewska; Beata Nowak; Narcyz Piórecki; Anna Duda-Madej; Urszula Walczuk; Michał Turniak; Iwona Bednarz-Misa; Tomasz Sozański Journal: Oxid Med Cell Longev Date: 2020-11-20 Impact factor: 6.543