A qualitative exploration of clozapine prescribing and monitoring practices in the Arabian Gulf countries.

Clozapine is considered as the first line antipsychotic for treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Worldwide reports indicate an overall underutilization of clozapine in patients experiencing TRS. This study aims to understand the prescribing practices, monitoring strategies and barriers to the use of clozapine in the Arabian Gulf (AG) region. Qualitative methodology was employed to explore mental health professionals' experience with clozapine prescribing practices. Semi-structured, individual in-depth interviews were conducted. All interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach. A total of 13 interviews were conducted with participants from six AG countries. Four major themes emerged from the analysis in relation to clozapine prescribing and monitoring practices, clozapine use guidelines, and barriers to the use of clozapine. Thematic analysis revealed a tendency to under prescribe clozapine in the AG region, which appears to be predominantly influenced by prescriber-related barriers and less likely due to the lack of a nation-wide hematological monitoring program. Future studies should explore strategies for overcoming the barriers identified.