Germ Cell Testicular Tumors-Contemporary Diagnosis, Staging and Management of Localized and Advanced disease.

Germ cell testicular tumors are the most commonly diagnosed cancer in young men, with cure rates exceeding 95%. Clinical stage 1 disease is the most common manifestation, with radical orchiectomy curing the majority of Clinical stage 1 patients, making active surveillance the treatment of choice, with a cancer specific survival nearing 100% and low relapse rates. However, in metastatic disease, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are curative options. Chemotherapy remains the mainstay of therapy for advanced disease with surgical management of residual disease. Patients with advanced disease should be treated in high volume experienced academic centers with multidisciplinary teams. Research exploring refinement of diagnosis and treatment, and lowering treatment burden is underway.