Muhammad Asif Taqi1, Ajeet Sodhi2, Sajid S Suriya2, Syed A Quadri2, Mudassir Farooqui3, Angelo A Salvucci4, Adriane Stefansen5, Martin M Mortazavi2, Daniel Shepherd5. 1. National Skull Base Foundation, Thousand Oaks, California; California Institute of Neuroscience, Thousand Oaks, California. Electronic address: asiftaqi@icloud.com. 2. National Skull Base Foundation, Thousand Oaks, California; California Institute of Neuroscience, Thousand Oaks, California. 3. University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. 4. Santa Barbara County Emergency Medical Services, Santa Barbara, California. 5. Ventura County Emergency Medical Services, Oxnard, California.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The outcome of endovascular treatment for emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) is dependent on timely recanalization. To identify ELVO in the field, we present a simplified score, which has been applied and validated in the field by emergency medical services (EMS). Methods and Analysis: Ventura ELVO Scale (VES) comprise of 4 components: Eye Deviation, Aphasia, Neglect, and Obtundation with score range 0-4. The score of greater than or equal to 1 will be considered as ELVO positive. A positive VES along with positive Cincinnati scale prompts ELVO activation. EMS then notify to neurointervention protocol at the receiving stroke center. The performance of VES was evaluated retrospectively. For statistical analysis, SAS version 9.4 was used and Fisher's modelling was used for the comparative analysis. RESULTS: Total 184 patients were included in the final analysis, 62 (33.7%) patients were called VES positive from the field. Out of 62, 36 (58%) patients had ELVO. The mean NIHSS on arrival was 16 in VES positive and 5 in VES negative patients. VES was 94.7% sensitive and 82.4% specific while the PPV and NPV of VES were 58.1% and 98.4%, respectively. It showed 84.9% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: VES is an effective and simplified prehospital screening tool for detection of ELVO in the field. Its implementation can beat the target door to groin time to improve outcomes and in future it can be used for rerouting of ELVO patients to comprehensive stroke center.
BACKGROUND: The outcome of endovascular treatment for emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) is dependent on timely recanalization. To identify ELVO in the field, we present a simplified score, which has been applied and validated in the field by emergency medical services (EMS). Methods and Analysis: Ventura ELVO Scale (VES) comprise of 4 components: Eye Deviation, Aphasia, Neglect, and Obtundation with score range 0-4. The score of greater than or equal to 1 will be considered as ELVO positive. A positive VES along with positive Cincinnati scale prompts ELVO activation. EMS then notify to neurointervention protocol at the receiving stroke center. The performance of VES was evaluated retrospectively. For statistical analysis, SAS version 9.4 was used and Fisher's modelling was used for the comparative analysis. RESULTS: Total 184 patients were included in the final analysis, 62 (33.7%) patients were called VES positive from the field. Out of 62, 36 (58%) patients had ELVO. The mean NIHSS on arrival was 16 in VES positive and 5 in VES negative patients. VES was 94.7% sensitive and 82.4% specific while the PPV and NPV of VES were 58.1% and 98.4%, respectively. It showed 84.9% accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: VES is an effective and simplified prehospital screening tool for detection of ELVO in the field. Its implementation can beat the target door to groin time to improve outcomes and in future it can be used for rerouting of ELVO patients to comprehensive stroke center.
Authors: Roy El Koussa; Sarah Linder; Alicia Quayson; Shawn Banash; James J MacNeal; Parshva Shah; Mariaelana Brenner; Ross Levine; Osama O Zaidat; Vibhav Bansal Journal: Front Neurol Date: 2022-08-03 Impact factor: 4.086
Authors: Edoardo Gaude; Barbara Nogueira; Marcos Ladreda Mochales; Sheila Graham; Sarah Smith; Lisa Shaw; Sara Graziadio; Gonzalo Ladreda Mochales; Philip Sloan; Joshua D Bernstock; Shashank Shekhar; Toby I Gropen; Christopher I Price Journal: Diagnostics (Basel) Date: 2021-06-22