Yen-Lung Lee1, Jui-Feng Hsu2, Chih-Jen Yang3. 1. Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China. 2. Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China. 3. Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China. Electronic address: chjeya@cc.kmu.edu.tw.