Jinho Lee1, Young Kook Kim2, Ahnul Ha1, Yong Woo Kim1, Sung Uk Baek1, Jin-Soo Kim1, Haeng Jin Lee3, Dai Woo Kim4, Jin Wook Jeoung1, Seong-Joon Kim3, Ki Ho Park1. 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Division of Glaucoma, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 2. Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Division of Glaucoma, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: md092@naver.com. 3. Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Division of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. 4. Department of Ophthalmology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea; Division of Glaucoma, Department of Ophthalmology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential of the temporal raphe sign on the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness map for discriminating glaucomatous from nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy (NGON) in eyes with mGCIPL thinning. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 175 eyes of 175 patients with mGCIPL thinning on Cirrus (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) high-definition OCT were retrospectively included. Glaucoma specialists and neuro-ophthalmology specialists evaluated the patients' medical records for diagnosis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) or NGON. Finally, by consensus, 67 eyes with GON and 73 eyes with NGON were enrolled. METHODS: A positive temporal raphe sign was declared in patients in whom there was a straight line longer than one-half of the length between the inner and outer annulus in the temporal elliptical area of the mGCIPL thickness map. Decision tree analysis was performed to formulate a diagnostic model. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: The temporal raphe sign was observed in 61 of 67 GON eyes (91.0%), but in only 21 of 73 NGON eyes (28.8%) (P < 0.001; chi-square test). On this basis, the diagnostic ability of the temporal raphe sign for discriminating GON from NGON was judged to be good (AUC, 0.811; 95% confidence interval, 0.749-0.874; sensitivity, 91.0%; specificity, 71.2%). The diagnostic performance of the decision tree-based model (AUC 0.879; 95% confidence interval, 0.824-0.933; sensitivity, 88.1%; specificity, 87.7%) was better than that of the temporal raphe sign or the relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) alone (P = 0.005, P < 0.001, respectively; DeLong's test). The decision tree model revealed the following: (1) If the temporal raphe sign is positive and the RAPD is absent, the case should be diagnosed as GON; (2) if the temporal raphe sign is absent regardless of the presence or absence of the RAPD, or both the temporal raphe sign and the RAPD are present, the case should be diagnosed as NGON. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical practice, determining whether the temporal raphe sign appears on OCT macular scans can be a useful tool for discrimination of glaucomatous from nonglaucomatous mGCIPL thinning.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential of the temporal raphe sign on the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) thickness map for discriminating glaucomatous from nonglaucomatous optic neuropathy (NGON) in eyes with mGCIPL thinning. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 175 eyes of 175 patients with mGCIPL thinning on Cirrus (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) high-definition OCT were retrospectively included. Glaucoma specialists and neuro-ophthalmology specialists evaluated the patients' medical records for diagnosis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) or NGON. Finally, by consensus, 67 eyes with GON and 73 eyes with NGON were enrolled. METHODS: A positive temporal raphe sign was declared in patients in whom there was a straight line longer than one-half of the length between the inner and outer annulus in the temporal elliptical area of the mGCIPL thickness map. Decision tree analysis was performed to formulate a diagnostic model. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) with sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: The temporal raphe sign was observed in 61 of 67 GON eyes (91.0%), but in only 21 of 73 NGON eyes (28.8%) (P < 0.001; chi-square test). On this basis, the diagnostic ability of the temporal raphe sign for discriminating GON from NGON was judged to be good (AUC, 0.811; 95% confidence interval, 0.749-0.874; sensitivity, 91.0%; specificity, 71.2%). The diagnostic performance of the decision tree-based model (AUC 0.879; 95% confidence interval, 0.824-0.933; sensitivity, 88.1%; specificity, 87.7%) was better than that of the temporal raphe sign or the relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD) alone (P = 0.005, P < 0.001, respectively; DeLong's test). The decision tree model revealed the following: (1) If the temporal raphe sign is positive and the RAPD is absent, the case should be diagnosed as GON; (2) if the temporal raphe sign is absent regardless of the presence or absence of the RAPD, or both the temporal raphe sign and the RAPD are present, the case should be diagnosed as NGON. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical practice, determining whether the temporal raphe sign appears on OCT macular scans can be a useful tool for discrimination of glaucomatous from nonglaucomatous mGCIPL thinning.
Authors: Yuqing Deng; Huijuan Wang; Ava-Gaye Simms; Huiling Hu; Juan Zhang; Giovana Rosa Gameiro; Tatjana Rundek; Joseph F Signorile; Bonnie E Levin; Jin Yuan; Jianhua Wang; Hong Jiang Journal: Quant Imaging Med Surg Date: 2022-06
Authors: Vahid Mohammadzadeh; Erica Su; Lynn Shi; Anne L Coleman; Simon K Law; Joseph Caprioli; Robert E Weiss; Kouros Nouri-Mahdavi Journal: Ophthalmol Sci Date: 2022-06-16