Wei-Ju Su1,2, Shu-Fong Chen1, Chin-Hui Yang1, Pei-Hung Chuang3, Hsiu-Fang Chang1, Mei-Hwei Chang2. 1. Centers for Disease Control, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. 2. Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China. 3. Taipei Association of Health and Welfare Data Science, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The hepatitis B virus (HBV) status of pregnant women affects HBV vaccine failure in their offspring. This study is aimed to investigate the impact of the universal infant HBV vaccination program on the long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rate in pregnant women. METHODS: Using the National Immunization Information System, we examined a 32-year period of cross-sectional data on a maternal HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) screening program launched in July 1984. An age-period-cohort model analysis of 940 180 pregnant women screened for July 1996-June 1997 and the years 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 was applied. RESULTS: The annual HBsAg- and HBeAg-seropositive rates decreased from 13.4% and 6.4%, respectively, for the period 1984-1985 to 5.9% and 1.0% in 2016 (P for both trends < .0001). Pregnant women with birth years after July 1986 (the HBV vaccination cohort) had the lowest relative risk (0.27 [95% confidence interval, .26-.28]) of HBsAg positivity compared with birth years before June 1984. CONCLUSIONS: The birth cohort effect in relation to the universal infant HBV immunization program has effectively reduced the HBV carrier rate in pregnant women and the burden of perinatal HBV infection on the next generation.
BACKGROUND: The hepatitis B virus (HBV) status of pregnant women affects HBV vaccine failure in their offspring. This study is aimed to investigate the impact of the universal infantHBV vaccination program on the long-term hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) rate in pregnant women. METHODS: Using the National Immunization Information System, we examined a 32-year period of cross-sectional data on a maternal HBsAg and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) screening program launched in July 1984. An age-period-cohort model analysis of 940 180 pregnant women screened for July 1996-June 1997 and the years 2001, 2006, 2011, and 2016 was applied. RESULTS: The annual HBsAg- and HBeAg-seropositive rates decreased from 13.4% and 6.4%, respectively, for the period 1984-1985 to 5.9% and 1.0% in 2016 (P for both trends < .0001). Pregnant women with birth years after July 1986 (the HBV vaccination cohort) had the lowest relative risk (0.27 [95% confidence interval, .26-.28]) of HBsAg positivity compared with birth years before June 1984. CONCLUSIONS: The birth cohort effect in relation to the universal infantHBV immunization program has effectively reduced the HBV carrier rate in pregnant women and the burden of perinatal HBV infection on the next generation.
Authors: Jodie Dionne-Odom; Gabriella D Cozzi; Ricardo A Franco; Basile Njei; Alan T N Tita Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2021-09-10 Impact factor: 8.661