Terri Lewis1, Jonathan Kotch2, Laura Proctor3, Richard Thompson4, Diana English5, Jamie Smith6, Adam Zolotor7, Stephanie Block8, Howard Dubowitz9. 1. Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado. Electronic address: terri.lewis@childrenscolorado.org. 2. Department of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 3. Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California. 4. Richard H. Calica Center for Innovation in Children and Family Services, Juvenile Protective Association, Chicago, Illinois. 5. School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. 6. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. 7. Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. 8. Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts. 9. Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this prospective study is to examine the role of emotional abuse in predicting youth smoking. METHODS: Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. The sample was restricted to those who had an interview at age 12 years and at least one interview at ages 14, 16, or 18 years (n=775). Self-reported smoking at ages 14, 16, and 18 years was the time-varying dependent variable. Peer and household smoking were modeled as time-varying predictors. Type of abuse, youth sex, race/ethnicity, history of child neglect, and study site were modeled as time-invariant predictors. Dates of data collection from age 4 years to age 18 years range from July 1991 to January 2012. Analyses were conducted in 2017. RESULTS: After controlling for a history of neglect, sex, race/ethnicity, study site, household and peer smoking, those with physical and/or sexual abuse only, or emotional abuse only, were at no greater risk of smoking compared with the no abuse group. However, those classified as having a combination of physical and/or sexual abuse and emotional abuse were at significantly greater risk for youth smoking compared with those with no reported physical/sexual or emotional abuse (β=0.51, z=2.43, p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Emotional abuse, in combination with physical and/or sexual abuse, predicted youth smoking, whereas the other types of abuse (physical and/or sexual abuse), or emotional abuse alone, did not. Considering the important health implications of early smoking initiation, it is important to document critical influential factors to better inform intervention efforts.
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this prospective study is to examine the role of emotional abuse in predicting youth smoking. METHODS: Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect. The sample was restricted to those who had an interview at age 12 years and at least one interview at ages 14, 16, or 18 years (n=775). Self-reported smoking at ages 14, 16, and 18 years was the time-varying dependent variable. Peer and household smoking were modeled as time-varying predictors. Type of abuse, youth sex, race/ethnicity, history of child neglect, and study site were modeled as time-invariant predictors. Dates of data collection from age 4 years to age 18 years range from July 1991 to January 2012. Analyses were conducted in 2017. RESULTS: After controlling for a history of neglect, sex, race/ethnicity, study site, household and peer smoking, those with physical and/or sexual abuse only, or emotional abuse only, were at no greater risk of smoking compared with the no abuse group. However, those classified as having a combination of physical and/or sexual abuse and emotional abuse were at significantly greater risk for youth smoking compared with those with no reported physical/sexual or emotional abuse (β=0.51, z=2.43, p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS:Emotional abuse, in combination with physical and/or sexual abuse, predicted youth smoking, whereas the other types of abuse (physical and/or sexual abuse), or emotional abuse alone, did not. Considering the important health implications of early smoking initiation, it is important to document critical influential factors to better inform intervention efforts.
Authors: J A Bailey; D R Samek; M A Keyes; K G Hill; B M Hicks; M McGue; W G Iacono; M Epstein; R F Catalano; K P Haggerty; J D Hawkins Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2014-02-26 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: V J Felitti; R F Anda; D Nordenberg; D F Williamson; A M Spitz; V Edwards; M P Koss; J S Marks Journal: Am J Prev Med Date: 1998-05 Impact factor: 5.043
Authors: Susan Yoon; Yang Shi; Dalhee Yoon; Fei Pei; Sarah Schoppe-Sullivan; Susan M Snyder Journal: Subst Use Misuse Date: 2019-12-18 Impact factor: 2.164
Authors: Susan Yoon; Rebecca Dillard; Julia Kobulsky; Julianna Nemeth; Yang Shi; Sarah Schoppe-Sullivan Journal: Subst Use Misuse Date: 2020-01-29 Impact factor: 2.164