Cardiovascular adaptations to resistance training.

The cross-sectional and longitudinal data available indicate that the following conclusions are warranted concerning the effects of resistance training on the cardiovascular system. Resistance training causes increased absolute left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass. These increases are not as evident when expressed relative to body surface area or lean body mass. There is little or no change in left ventricular internal dimensions, in absolute terms or relative to body surface area, resting heart rate, resting blood pressure, and diastolic function of the left ventricle due to resistance training. No change or slight positive effects are noted in systolic function of the left ventricle with training. During resistance training exercises, a large pressor response occurs and is attenuated in resistance trained athletes as compared to control subjects. Resistance training does result in adaptations of the cardiovascular system, with further research needed to elucidate its nature.