BACKGROUND/AIMS: Parents of children born with disorders of sex development (DSD) often experience anxiety, but risk factors, including parental perception of the severity of their child's DSD, have not been examined. We hypothesized that severity of illness (SOI) ratings would relate to parental anxiety, and would be higher for parents of children with a potentially life-threatening DSD (e.g., 21-hydroxylase deficiency). METHODS: Eighty-nine parents (Mage = 33.0, 56.2% mothers) of 51 children (Mage in months = 8.7) with a DSD including ambiguous genitalia were recruited from 12 specialized DSD clinics. Parents completed questionnaires prior to genitoplasty, 6 months post-genitoplasty, and 12 months post-genitoplasty (if completed). Data were analyzed with linear mixed modeling. RESULTS: Parental anxiety decreased over time, χ2(1) = 10.14, p < 0.01. A positive relationship between SOI and anxiety was found, with SOI being a strong predictor of anxiety (b = 0.53, p < 0.01; χ2[1] = 5.33, p < 0.05). An SOI by time interaction indicated SOI had an increasing effect on anxiety over time, b = 0.06, p < 0.05; χ2(1) = 6.30, p < 0.05. There was no diagnosis by SOI interaction. CONCLUSION: Parental anxiety decreased over time, but those with higher SOI ratings reported greater initial anxiety followed by slower resolution over time. Underlying etiology of DSD had no effect on the relationship between SOI and anxiety.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Parents of children born with disorders of sex development (DSD) often experience anxiety, but risk factors, including parental perception of the severity of their child's DSD, have not been examined. We hypothesized that severity of illness (SOI) ratings would relate to parental anxiety, and would be higher for parents of children with a potentially life-threatening DSD (e.g., 21-hydroxylase deficiency). METHODS: Eighty-nine parents (Mage = 33.0, 56.2% mothers) of 51 children (Mage in months = 8.7) with a DSD including ambiguous genitalia were recruited from 12 specialized DSD clinics. Parents completed questionnaires prior to genitoplasty, 6 months post-genitoplasty, and 12 months post-genitoplasty (if completed). Data were analyzed with linear mixed modeling. RESULTS: Parental anxiety decreased over time, χ2(1) = 10.14, p < 0.01. A positive relationship between SOI and anxiety was found, with SOI being a strong predictor of anxiety (b = 0.53, p < 0.01; χ2[1] = 5.33, p < 0.05). An SOI by time interaction indicated SOI had an increasing effect on anxiety over time, b = 0.06, p < 0.05; χ2(1) = 6.30, p < 0.05. There was no diagnosis by SOI interaction. CONCLUSION: Parental anxiety decreased over time, but those with higher SOI ratings reported greater initial anxiety followed by slower resolution over time. Underlying etiology of DSD had no effect on the relationship between SOI and anxiety.
Authors: Katherine A Traino; Marissa N Baudino; Jacob D Kraft; Nathan L Basile; Taylor M Dattilo; Morgan P Davis; Cindy Buchanan; Earl Y Cheng; Dix P Poppas; Amy B Wisniewski; Larry L Mullins Journal: Stigma Health Date: 2021-11
Authors: Avi Baskin; Amy B Wisniewski; Christopher E Aston; Paul Austin; Yee-Ming Chan; Earl Y Cheng; David A Diamond; Allyson Fried; Thomas Kolon; Yegappan Lakshmanan; Pierre Williot; Sabrina Meyer; Theresa Meyer; Bradley Kropp; Natalie Nokoff; Blake Palmer; Alethea Paradis; Dix Poppas; Brian VanderBrink; Kristy J Scott Reyes; Amy Tishelman; Cortney Wolfe-Christensen; Elizabeth Yerkes; Larry L Mullins; Laurence Baskin Journal: J Pediatr Urol Date: 2020-06-01 Impact factor: 1.921
Authors: Christopher J Long; Jason Van Batavia; Amy B Wisniewski; Christopher E Aston; Laurence Baskin; Earl Y Cheng; Yegappan Lakshmanan; Theresa Meyer; Bradley Kropp; Blake Palmer; Natalie J Nokoff; Alethea Paradis; Brian VanderBrink; Kristy J Scott Reyes; Elizabeth Yerkes; Dix P Poppas; Larry L Mullins; Thomas F Kolon Journal: J Pediatr Urol Date: 2021-02-19 Impact factor: 1.921
Authors: Caroline M Roberts; Christina M Sharkey; Dana M Bakula; Megan N Perez; Alexandria J Delozier; Paul F Austin; Laurence S Baskin; Yee-Ming Chan; Earl Y Cheng; David A Diamond; Allyson J Fried; Bradley Kropp; Yegappan Lakshmanan; Sabrina Z Meyer; Theresa Meyer; Natalie J Nokoff; Blake W Palmer; Alethea Paradis; Kristy J Scott Reyes; Amy Tishelman; Pierre Williot; Cortney Wolfe-Christensen; Elizabeth B Yerkes; Christopher Aston; Amy B Wisniewski; Larry L Mullins Journal: J Pediatr Psychol Date: 2020-10-01
Authors: Salma R Ali; Zoe Macqueen; David E Sandberg; S Faisal Ahmed; Melissa Gardner; Yiqiao Xin; Andreas Kyriakou; Avril Mason; M Guftar Shaikh; Sze C Wong Journal: Int J Pediatr Endocrinol Date: 2020-02-14