Eveline A J van Rein1, Robin D Lokerman2, Rogier van der Sluijs3, Jesper Hjortnaes4, Rob A Lichtveld5, Luke P H Leenen6, Mark van Heijl7. 1. Department of Traumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: evelinevanrein@gmail.com. 2. Department of Traumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: rdlokerman@gmail.com. 3. Department of Traumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: r.vandersluijs@icloud.com. 4. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: jhjortna@umcutrecht.nl. 5. Regional Ambulance Facilities Utrecht, Bilthoven, the Netherlands. Electronic address: r.lichtveld@metscenter.nl. 6. Department of Traumatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: L.P.H.Leenen@umcutrecht.nl. 7. Department of Traumatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht/Zeist/Doorn, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: markvanheijl@hotmail.com.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Severe thoracic injuries are time sensitive and adequate triage to a facility with a high-level of trauma care is crucial. The emergency medical services (EMS) providers are required to identify patients with a severe thoracic injury to transport the patient to the right hospital. However, identifying these patients on-scene is difficult. The accuracy of prehospital assessment of potential thoracic injury by EMS providers of the ground ambulances is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the assessment of the EMS provider in the identification of a thoracic injury and determine predictors of a severe thoracic injury. METHODS: In this multicentre cohort study, all trauma patients aged 16 and over, transported with a ground erence standard. Prehospital variables were analysed using logistic regression to explore prehospital ambulance to a trauma centre, were evaluated. The diagnostic value of EMS provider judgment was determined using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of ≥ 1 in the thoracic region as ref predictors of a severe thoracic injury (AIS ≥ 3). RESULTS: In total 2766 patients were included, of whom 465 (16.8%) sustained a thoracic injury and 210 (7.6%) a severe thoracic injury. The EMS providers' judgment had a sensitivity of 54.8% and a specificity of 92.6% for the identification of a thoracic injury. Significant independent prehospital predictors were: age, oxygen saturation, Glasgow Coma Scale, fall > 2 m, and suspicion of inhalation trauma or a thoracic injury by the EMS provider. CONCLUSION: EMS providers could identify little over half of the patients with a thoracic injury. A supplementary triage protocol to identify patients with a thoracic injury could improve prehospital triage of these patients. In this supplementary protocol, age, vital signs, and mechanism criteria could be included.
INTRODUCTION: Severe thoracic injuries are time sensitive and adequate triage to a facility with a high-level of trauma care is crucial. The emergency medical services (EMS) providers are required to identify patients with a severe thoracic injury to transport the patient to the right hospital. However, identifying these patients on-scene is difficult. The accuracy of prehospital assessment of potential thoracic injury by EMS providers of the ground ambulances is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the assessment of the EMS provider in the identification of a thoracic injury and determine predictors of a severe thoracic injury. METHODS: In this multicentre cohort study, all traumapatients aged 16 and over, transported with a ground erence standard. Prehospital variables were analysed using logistic regression to explore prehospital ambulance to a trauma centre, were evaluated. The diagnostic value of EMS provider judgment was determined using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of ≥ 1 in the thoracic region as ref predictors of a severe thoracic injury (AIS ≥ 3). RESULTS: In total 2766 patients were included, of whom 465 (16.8%) sustained a thoracic injury and 210 (7.6%) a severe thoracic injury. The EMS providers' judgment had a sensitivity of 54.8% and a specificity of 92.6% for the identification of a thoracic injury. Significant independent prehospital predictors were: age, oxygen saturation, Glasgow Coma Scale, fall > 2 m, and suspicion of inhalation trauma or a thoracic injury by the EMS provider. CONCLUSION: EMS providers could identify little over half of the patients with a thoracic injury. A supplementary triage protocol to identify patients with a thoracic injury could improve prehospital triage of these patients. In this supplementary protocol, age, vital signs, and mechanism criteria could be included.
Authors: Ali Imad El-Akkawi; Frank Vincenzo de Paoli; Gratien Andersen; Anette Højsgaard; Thomas Decker Christensen Journal: Int J Surg Case Rep Date: 2019-10-28