The presence of the low molecular mass carbonic anhydrase in photosystem II of C3 higher plants.

The carrier of carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity was detected in gel among low molecular mass proteins from pea, spinach and Arabidopsis, after nondenaturing electrophoresis in PAAG of the dodecyl-β-d-maltoside treated PSII membranes (the fragments of thylakoid membrane containing PSII complexes). The elimination of Mn-stabilizing protein PsbO by treatment of PSII membranes with salts, did not lead to a decrease in CA activity observed in the gel although it reduced the amount of this protein down to 25% compared to the original sample. The isolated protein PsbO did not demonstrated CA activity. The distinguished features of CA activity of PSII membranes were as follows: 1) resistance to heating, 2) high sensitivity to ethoxyzolamide, the specific inhibitor of CA, and 3) stimulation of this activity by acetazolamide, another specific inhibitor of CA at low concentration of the latter. CA activity was not stimulated by acetazolamide in the PSII membranes samples from Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with knocked out gene At4g20990 encoding αCA4 (according to the nomenclature by Fabre et al., 2007). Taking into account the above data and our previous findings that the energy-dependent part of nonphotochemical quenching of chlorophyll a fluorescence is highly suppressed in that mutant, we suppose that thylakoid membranes of higher plants contain in the vicinity of PSII complex a true CA belonging to the α family of CAs.