Yuko Kurushima1, Ruth Bowyer1, Mark Ide2, Francis J Hughes2, Claire J Steves1. 1. Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK. 2. Unit of Periodontology, Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK.
Abstract
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with periodontal traits considering genetic and environmental background in predominantly older female twins. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using self-reported questionnaires for periodontal traits in TwinsUK. Age-adjusted and age-stratified multivariate analyses were conducted for all twins. Subsequently, co-twin control analysis within genetically identical twins who were discordant for periodontal traits was performed by controlling for genetic confounders. RESULTS: Data of twins aged 20-91 were available in 4,143 individuals for self-reported periodontitis and 4,244 for gum bleeding. Age-adjusted model showed increasing risk in the following: smoking, anxiety/stress and depression for both periodontal traits. Within discordant monozygotic (MZ) twins (514 individuals for periodontitis and 754 for gum bleeding), the association of anxiety/stress remained significant for both periodontitis (OR 1.60, CI: 1.02-2.52) and gum bleeding (OR 1.60, CI: 1.06-2.40). A significant relationship for depression remained for periodontitis (OR 1.68, CI: 1.04-2.70), but it was no longer significant for gum bleeding. Age stratification showed that the association of mood disorders with periodontal traits was generally stronger in older group. CONCLUSIONS: Multivariate analysis among discordant MZ female twins found mood disorders were independently associated with periodontal traits, suggesting that genetic/early-life environmental factors may not explain this association.
AIM: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with periodontal traits considering genetic and environmental background in predominantly older female twins. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study using self-reported questionnaires for periodontal traits in TwinsUK. Age-adjusted and age-stratified multivariate analyses were conducted for all twins. Subsequently, co-twin control analysis within genetically identical twins who were discordant for periodontal traits was performed by controlling for genetic confounders. RESULTS: Data of twins aged 20-91 were available in 4,143 individuals for self-reported periodontitis and 4,244 for gum bleeding. Age-adjusted model showed increasing risk in the following: smoking, anxiety/stress and depression for both periodontal traits. Within discordant monozygotic (MZ) twins (514 individuals for periodontitis and 754 for gum bleeding), the association of anxiety/stress remained significant for both periodontitis (OR 1.60, CI: 1.02-2.52) and gum bleeding (OR 1.60, CI: 1.06-2.40). A significant relationship for depression remained for periodontitis (OR 1.68, CI: 1.04-2.70), but it was no longer significant for gum bleeding. Age stratification showed that the association of mood disorders with periodontal traits was generally stronger in older group. CONCLUSIONS: Multivariate analysis among discordant MZ female twins found mood disorders were independently associated with periodontal traits, suggesting that genetic/early-life environmental factors may not explain this association.
Authors: Yuko Kurushima; Pei-Chien Tsai; Juan Castillo-Fernandez; Alexessander Couto Alves; Julia Sarah El-Sayed Moustafa; Caroline Le Roy; Tim D Spector; Mark Ide; Francis J Hughes; Kerrin S Small; Claire J Steves; Jordana T Bell Journal: Clin Epigenetics Date: 2019-02-13 Impact factor: 6.551