Helen E Quinn1, Heather F Gidding2, Helen S Marshall3, Robert Booy4, Elizabeth J Elliott5, Peter Richmond6, Nigel Crawford7, Peter B McIntyre4, Kristine K Macartney4. 1. National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. Electronic address: helen.quinn@health.nsw.gov.au. 2. National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. 3. Vaccinology and Immunology Research Trials Unit, Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, Australia; Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. 4. National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (NCIRS), Children's Hospital at Westmead, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia. 5. Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia; Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit, Westmead, Australia. 6. Wesfarmer's Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia. 7. Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of Australia's single dose infant varicella vaccination program, we assessed single dose varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing hospitalised disease using two methods. METHODS: Clinically confirmed varicella cases from the Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) sentinel network were age-matched to 20 controls obtained from the Australian Immunisation Register. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate VE and compared with estimates obtained using our second approach. RESULTS: There were 78 hospitalised varicella cases during the post vaccine introduction period from January 2008 to December 2015, who were eligible for funded varicella vaccination. Median age at onset was 4.5 years and more than half (59%) were vaccinated. The majority of children received one vaccine brand (Varilrix, GSK). The estimated case-control VE for one dose of vaccine against hospitalised varicella was 64.7% (95% CI: 43.3-78.0%); estimates using the screening method were not significantly different. Exclusion of children who were immunocompromised did not significantly alter VE estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Although Australia's program has impacted on the burden of varicella disease, single dose VE against varicella hospitalisation is only moderate. Greater reductions in varicella disease could potentially be achieved by incorporation of a second vaccine dose into the program to minimise breakthrough disease and interrupt virus circulation. Crown
OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of Australia's single dose infant varicella vaccination program, we assessed single dose varicella vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing hospitalised disease using two methods. METHODS: Clinically confirmed varicella cases from the Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) sentinel network were age-matched to 20 controls obtained from the Australian Immunisation Register. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate VE and compared with estimates obtained using our second approach. RESULTS: There were 78 hospitalised varicella cases during the post vaccine introduction period from January 2008 to December 2015, who were eligible for funded varicella vaccination. Median age at onset was 4.5 years and more than half (59%) were vaccinated. The majority of children received one vaccine brand (Varilrix, GSK). The estimated case-control VE for one dose of vaccine against hospitalised varicella was 64.7% (95% CI: 43.3-78.0%); estimates using the screening method were not significantly different. Exclusion of children who were immunocompromised did not significantly alter VE estimates. CONCLUSIONS: Although Australia's program has impacted on the burden of varicella disease, single dose VE against varicella hospitalisation is only moderate. Greater reductions in varicella disease could potentially be achieved by incorporation of a second vaccine dose into the program to minimise breakthrough disease and interrupt virus circulation. Crown
Authors: Helen S Marshall; Prabha H Andraweera; Bing Wang; Mark McMillan; Ann P Koehler; Noel Lally; Sara Almond; Emma Denehy; Michele A'Houre; Lynne C Giles; Louise Flood Journal: Hum Vaccin Immunother Date: 2021-01-11 Impact factor: 3.452
Authors: Helen S Marshall; Prabha H Andraweera; James Ward; John Kaldor; Ross Andrews; Kristine Macartney; Peter Richmond; Vicki Krause; Ann Koehler; David Whiley; Lynne Giles; Rosalind Webby; Heather D'Antoine; Jonathan Karnon; Rob Baird; Andrew Lawrence; Helen Petousis-Harris; Philippe De Wals; Belinda Greenwood-Smith; Michael Binks; Lisa Whop Journal: Vaccines (Basel) Date: 2022-02-16
Authors: Karina A Top; Kristine Macartney; Julie A Bettinger; Ben Tan; Christopher C Blyth; Helen S Marshall; Wendy Vaudry; Scott A Halperin; Peter McIntyre Journal: Euro Surveill Date: 2020-06