Nicolas Richard1,2, Marie Hudson2,3,4, Mianbo Wang4, Geneviève Gyger2,3, Susanna Proudman5,6, Wendy Stevens7, Mandana Nikpour7,8, Murray Baron2,3,4. 1. Division of Rheumatology, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 2. Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 3. Division of Rheumatology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 4. Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 5. Rheumatology Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia. 6. Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia. 7. Department of Rheumatology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. 8. Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne at St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To examine the incidence, predictors and outcomes associated with severe gastrointestinal (GI) disease in a large inception SSc cohort. METHODS: SSc subjects with <2 years of disease duration were identified from two multicentre cohorts. Severe GI disease was defined as: malabsorption, hyperalimentation, pseudo-obstruction and/or ⩾10% weight loss in association with the use of antibiotics for bacterial overgrowth or oesophageal stricture. Kaplan-Meier, multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to determine the cumulative incidence rate, independent clinical correlates and mortality rate associated with severe GI disease. A longitudinal mixed model was used to assess the impact of severe GI disease on the Short Form Health Survey. RESULTS: In this inception SSc cohort, the probability of developing severe GI disease was estimated at 9.1% at 2 years and 16.0% at 4 years. In multivariate analysis, severe GI disease was associated with inflammatory myositis (odds ratio 4.68, 95% CI 1.65, 13.24), telangiectasias (odds ratio 2.45, 95% CI 1.19, 5.04) and modified Rodnan skin score (odds ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.01, 1.07). Severe GI disease was associated with a >2-fold increase in the risk of death (hazard ratio 2.27, 95% CI 1.27, 4.09) and worse health-related quality of life [Short Form Health Survey physical (β = -2.37, P = 0.02) and mental (β = -2.86, P = 0.01) component summary scores]. CONCLUSION: Severe GI disease is common in early SSc and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. More research is needed to understand, prevent and mitigate severe GI disease in SSc.
OBJECTIVES: To examine the incidence, predictors and outcomes associated with severe gastrointestinal (GI) disease in a large inception SSc cohort. METHODS: SSc subjects with <2 years of disease duration were identified from two multicentre cohorts. Severe GI disease was defined as: malabsorption, hyperalimentation, pseudo-obstruction and/or ⩾10% weight loss in association with the use of antibiotics for bacterial overgrowth or oesophageal stricture. Kaplan-Meier, multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to determine the cumulative incidence rate, independent clinical correlates and mortality rate associated with severe GI disease. A longitudinal mixed model was used to assess the impact of severe GI disease on the Short Form Health Survey. RESULTS: In this inception SSc cohort, the probability of developing severe GI disease was estimated at 9.1% at 2 years and 16.0% at 4 years. In multivariate analysis, severe GI disease was associated with inflammatory myositis (odds ratio 4.68, 95% CI 1.65, 13.24), telangiectasias (odds ratio 2.45, 95% CI 1.19, 5.04) and modified Rodnan skin score (odds ratio 1.03, 95% CI 1.01, 1.07). Severe GI disease was associated with a >2-fold increase in the risk of death (hazard ratio 2.27, 95% CI 1.27, 4.09) and worse health-related quality of life [Short Form Health Survey physical (β = -2.37, P = 0.02) and mental (β = -2.86, P = 0.01) component summary scores]. CONCLUSION:Severe GI disease is common in early SSc and is associated with significant morbidity and increased mortality. More research is needed to understand, prevent and mitigate severe GI disease in SSc.
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