M D DeBoer1, S L Filipp2, M J Gurka2. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. 2. Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Among adolescents, obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) contribute to adult cardiovascular disease risk. By parent report, obesity prevalence in the USA was highest in the South. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and MetS by US division and region. METHODS: We used in-person assessment of 4600 US adolescents age 12-19 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2014. RESULTS: Prevalence of obesity was highest in the East North Central division (21.3%) and the three census divisions in the South (all >20%), compared with lower prevalence in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <15%). MetS was most prevalent in the two divisions in the Midwest (both >10%) and lowest in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <6%). For the amount of obesity in each division, there was a higher prevalence of MetS in the West North Central division (obesity 17.1%, MetS 13.6%) and lower prevalence in the East South Central (obesity 23.5%, MetS 6.6%) and South Atlantic divisions (obesity 20.4%, MetS 6.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The degree of obesity-related and MetS-related risk among adolescents in the Midwest is higher than suggested from previous parent-reported weight data. The Midwest and South may warrant particularly strong cardiovascular disease prevention efforts.
BACKGROUND: Among adolescents, obesity and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) contribute to adult cardiovascular disease risk. By parent report, obesity prevalence in the USA was highest in the South. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of obesity and MetS by US division and region. METHODS: We used in-person assessment of 4600 US adolescents age 12-19 years participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2014. RESULTS: Prevalence of obesity was highest in the East North Central division (21.3%) and the three census divisions in the South (all >20%), compared with lower prevalence in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <15%). MetS was most prevalent in the two divisions in the Midwest (both >10%) and lowest in the Mountain and New England divisions (both <6%). For the amount of obesity in each division, there was a higher prevalence of MetS in the West North Central division (obesity 17.1%, MetS 13.6%) and lower prevalence in the East South Central (obesity 23.5%, MetS 6.6%) and South Atlantic divisions (obesity 20.4%, MetS 6.7%). CONCLUSIONS: The degree of obesity-related and MetS-related risk among adolescents in the Midwest is higher than suggested from previous parent-reported weight data. The Midwest and South may warrant particularly strong cardiovascular disease prevention efforts.
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