Jing Zeng1, Zhiqiang Chen2, Ying Hu3, Qi Hu4, Shimin Zhong5, Wei Liao6. 1. Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University, NO.30, Gao Tanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: zengjing8903@163.com. 2. Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University, NO.30, Gao Tanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: chenzhiqiang_cc@163.com. 3. Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University, NO.30, Gao Tanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: huyingxixi@sina.com. 4. Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University, NO.30, Gao Tanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: 861097015@qq.com. 5. Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University, NO.30, Gao Tanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: 26898649@qq.com. 6. Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital to Army Medical University, NO.30, Gao Tanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: liaowei01@163.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the accuracy of impulse oscillometry (IOS) combined with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) to assess asthma control among preschool children. METHODS: A total of 79 preschool children(3-6 year old) with asthma and 25 healthy preschool children who visited a paediatrician were enrolled in this study. All of the children were tested for allergens, respiratory system resistance (at 5 and 20 Hz [R5, R20]), respiratory system reactance (at 5 Hz [X5]), the resonant frequency of reactance (Fres), and the area under the reactance curve (between 5 Hz and Fres (reactance area [AX]) using IOS and FeNO. A paediatric respiratory specialist who was unaware of the IOS and FeNO results assigned children with asthma to either the asthma-controlled group (n = 27) or the asthma-uncontrolled group (n = 52) based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) criteria. A healthy control group (n = 25) was also included. The relationships between the FeNO and IOS values as well as the asthma control of the three groups were analysed, and the areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated for each measure. RESULTS: (1) During the controlled group, means±standard deviations of AX, R5-20, R5, X5 and FeNO were 26.15 ± 7.534, 3.52 ± 1.311,9.97 ± 1.576,-3.85 ± 0.572,-3.85 ± 0.572. During the uncontrolled group, means±standard deviations of AX,R5-20,R5,X5 and FeNO were 38.34 ± 13.563,5.36 ± 1.545,11.41 ± 2.029,-5.07 ± 1.554,36.40 ± 21.07. Among preschool children, significant differences were observed between the controlled and uncontrolled group with regard to the small airway functional parameters (AX, R5-20, R5, and X5) and FeNO(P <0.05).(2) A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the AUCs were 0.786 for FeNO alone, 0.751 for X5 alone, and 0.866 for X5 combined with FeNO (cut-off value: 27 ppb). CONCLUSION: FeNO combined with the small airway function parameter X5 accurately assessed asthma control among preschool children.
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the accuracy of impulse oscillometry (IOS) combined with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) to assess asthma control among preschool children. METHODS: A total of 79 preschool children(3-6 year old) with asthma and 25 healthy preschool children who visited a paediatrician were enrolled in this study. All of the children were tested for allergens, respiratory system resistance (at 5 and 20 Hz [R5, R20]), respiratory system reactance (at 5 Hz [X5]), the resonant frequency of reactance (Fres), and the area under the reactance curve (between 5 Hz and Fres (reactance area [AX]) using IOS and FeNO. A paediatric respiratory specialist who was unaware of the IOS and FeNO results assigned children with asthma to either the asthma-controlled group (n = 27) or the asthma-uncontrolled group (n = 52) based on the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) criteria. A healthy control group (n = 25) was also included. The relationships between the FeNO and IOS values as well as the asthma control of the three groups were analysed, and the areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated for each measure. RESULTS: (1) During the controlled group, means±standard deviations of AX, R5-20, R5, X5 and FeNO were 26.15 ± 7.534, 3.52 ± 1.311,9.97 ± 1.576,-3.85 ± 0.572,-3.85 ± 0.572. During the uncontrolled group, means±standard deviations of AX,R5-20,R5,X5 and FeNO were 38.34 ± 13.563,5.36 ± 1.545,11.41 ± 2.029,-5.07 ± 1.554,36.40 ± 21.07. Among preschool children, significant differences were observed between the controlled and uncontrolled group with regard to the small airway functional parameters (AX, R5-20, R5, and X5) and FeNO(P <0.05).(2) A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the AUCs were 0.786 for FeNO alone, 0.751 for X5 alone, and 0.866 for X5 combined with FeNO (cut-off value: 27 ppb). CONCLUSION:FeNO combined with the small airway function parameter X5 accurately assessed asthma control among preschool children.