Yohannes Adama Melaku1, Tiffany K Gill2, Anne W Taylor2, Sarah L Appleton3, David Gonzalez-Chica2, Robert Adams3, Tom Achoki4, Zumin Shi2, Andre Renzaho5. 1. 1Department of Human Nutrition,Institute of Public Health,University of Gondar,Gondar,Ethiopia. 2. 2Adelaide Medical School,University of Adelaide,SAHMRI,North Terrace,Adelaide,SA 5000,Australia. 3. 3The Health Observatory,Discipline of Medicine,University of Adelaide,Queen Elizabeth Hospital Campus,Woodville,SA,Australia. 4. 5Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation,University of Washington,Seattle,WA,USA. 5. 7Humanitarian and Development Research Initiative,School of Social Sciences and Psychology,Western Sydney University,Penrith,NSW,Australia.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess trends of mortality attributable to child and maternal undernutrition (CMU), overweight/obesity and dietary risks of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015. DESIGN: For each risk factor, a systematic review of data was used to compute the exposure level and the effect size. A Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression analysis was used to estimate the exposure level of the risk factors by age, sex, geography and year. The burden of all-cause mortality attributable to CMU, fourteen dietary risk factors (eight diets, five nutrients and fibre intake) and overweight/obesity was estimated. SETTING: Sub-Saharan Africa.ParticipantsAll age groups and both sexes. RESULTS: In 2015, CMU, overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD accounted for 826204 (95 % uncertainty interval (UI) 737346, 923789), 266768 (95 % UI 189051, 353096) and 558578 (95 % UI 453433, 680197) deaths, respectively, representing 10·3 % (95 % UI 9·1, 11·6 %), 3·3 % (95 % UI 2·4, 4·4 %) and 7·0 % (95 % UI 5·8, 8·3 %) of all-cause mortality. While the age-standardized proportion of all-cause mortality accounted for by CMU decreased by 55·2 % between 1990 and 2015 in SSA, it increased by 63·3 and 17·2 % for overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing burden of diet- and obesity-related diseases and the reduction of mortality attributable to CMU indicate that SSA is undergoing a rapid nutritional transition. To tackle the impact in SSA, interventions and international development agendas should also target dietary risks associated with NCD and overweight/obesity.
OBJECTIVE: To assess trends of mortality attributable to child and maternal undernutrition (CMU), overweight/obesity and dietary risks of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2015. DESIGN: For each risk factor, a systematic review of data was used to compute the exposure level and the effect size. A Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression analysis was used to estimate the exposure level of the risk factors by age, sex, geography and year. The burden of all-cause mortality attributable to CMU, fourteen dietary risk factors (eight diets, five nutrients and fibre intake) and overweight/obesity was estimated. SETTING: Sub-Saharan Africa.ParticipantsAll age groups and both sexes. RESULTS: In 2015, CMU, overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD accounted for 826204 (95 % uncertainty interval (UI) 737346, 923789), 266768 (95 % UI 189051, 353096) and 558578 (95 % UI 453433, 680197) deaths, respectively, representing 10·3 % (95 % UI 9·1, 11·6 %), 3·3 % (95 % UI 2·4, 4·4 %) and 7·0 % (95 % UI 5·8, 8·3 %) of all-cause mortality. While the age-standardized proportion of all-cause mortality accounted for by CMU decreased by 55·2 % between 1990 and 2015 in SSA, it increased by 63·3 and 17·2 % for overweight/obesity and dietary risks of NCD, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing burden of diet- and obesity-related diseases and the reduction of mortality attributable to CMU indicate that SSA is undergoing a rapid nutritional transition. To tackle the impact in SSA, interventions and international development agendas should also target dietary risks associated with NCD and overweight/obesity.
Entities:
Keywords:
Child and maternal undernutrition; Dietary risks of non-communicable diseases; Double burden of malnutrition; Mortality; Overweight and/or obesity
Authors: Xin Lin Tan; Susan Azam-Ali; Ee Von Goh; Maysoun Mustafa; Hui Hui Chai; Wai Kuan Ho; Sean Mayes; Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi; Sayed Azam-Ali; Festo Massawe Journal: Front Nutr Date: 2020-12-10