Giedrė Trakinienė1, Irena Andriuškevičiūtė2, Loreta Šalomskienė2, Arūnas Vasiliauskas3, Tomas Trakinis4, Antanas Šidlauskas3. 1. Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Clinic of Orthodontics, Lukšos- Daumanto str. 6, LT-50106, Lithuania. Electronic address: gyd_trakiniene@yahoo.com. 2. Institute of Biology Systems and Genetics, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu st. 4, Kaunas, LT-47181, Lithuania. 3. Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Clinic of Orthodontics, Lukšos- Daumanto str. 6, LT-50106, Lithuania. 4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Republican Hospital of Kaunas, Hipodromo st. 13, Kaunas, LT-45130, Lithuania.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the genetic and environmental influences on the variability of human third molar (M3) root mineralization stages via a twin study. DESIGN: The study sample consisted of 162 same-sex twins (66 dizygotic and 96 monozygotic, mean age: 17.9 years) with normal growth and development. Panoramic radiographs were evaluated to assess root mineralization stages of the upper and lower third molars, using the method of Demirijian et al. (1973). Zygosity was established using 15 specific DNA markers. RESULTS: Females developed their third molar roots earlier in life than males. Monozygotic twins (MZ) demonstrated higher intra-pair correlations for M3 root development stages than did DZ twins. An ACE model with additive genes, as well as common and specific environmental factors, provided the best explanation of variation in M3 root development. The mineralization of M3 roots showed highly additive genetic determination, varying from 60 to 63%, whereas a common environment contributed from 25 to 27%, and a specific environment only accounted 14% of the total variation, at most. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable proportion of the total variability of the third molar root mineralization rate can be attributed to additive genetic effects, while common and specific environmental effects have a smaller, yet significant, impact.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the genetic and environmental influences on the variability of human third molar (M3) root mineralization stages via a twin study. DESIGN: The study sample consisted of 162 same-sex twins (66 dizygotic and 96 monozygotic, mean age: 17.9 years) with normal growth and development. Panoramic radiographs were evaluated to assess root mineralization stages of the upper and lower third molars, using the method of Demirijian et al. (1973). Zygosity was established using 15 specific DNA markers. RESULTS: Females developed their third molar roots earlier in life than males. Monozygotic twins (MZ) demonstrated higher intra-pair correlations for M3 root development stages than did DZ twins. An ACE model with additive genes, as well as common and specific environmental factors, provided the best explanation of variation in M3 root development. The mineralization of M3 roots showed highly additive genetic determination, varying from 60 to 63%, whereas a common environment contributed from 25 to 27%, and a specific environment only accounted 14% of the total variation, at most. CONCLUSIONS: A considerable proportion of the total variability of the third molar root mineralization rate can be attributed to additive genetic effects, while common and specific environmental effects have a smaller, yet significant, impact.
Authors: Matthias Zirk; Joachim E Zoeller; Max-Philipp Lentzen; Laura Bergeest; Johannes Buller; Max Zinser Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-04-27 Impact factor: 4.379