Pablo Ariel Isidoro Slullitel1,2, Rodrigo Brandariz3, Jose Ignacio Oñativia3, German Farfalli4, Fernando Comba3, Francisco Piccaluga3, Martin Buttaro3. 1. Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Institute of Orthopaedics "Carlos E. Ottolenghi", 4247 Potosí St, C1199ACK, Buenos Aires, Argentina. pablo.slullitel@gmail.com. 2. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada. pablo.slullitel@gmail.com. 3. Hip Surgery Unit, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Institute of Orthopaedics "Carlos E. Ottolenghi", 4247 Potosí St, C1199ACK, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 4. Division of Musculoskeletal Oncology, Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Institute of Orthopaedics "Carlos E. Ottolenghi", Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract
PURPOSE: It has been acknowledged that implant wear correlates with the risk for periprosthetic osteolysis, being aggressive granulomatosis the worst expression of bone resorption. We sought to determine the clinical, radiological, and histological features of aggressive granulomatosis after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS: We included nine cases with aggressive granulomatosis of the hip around cemented stems. Indications for revision THA consisted of progressive signs of extensive bone resorption or implant loosening. Mean follow-up since revision THA was 143 months (SD ± 59.4). We analysed clinical outcomes, component loosening and gross as well as histological characteristics of the granulomatous lesions. RESULTS: Overall mean time between primary THA and revision surgery was 81 months (SD ± 20.8). All of the cases evidenced multiple ovoid tumour-like lesions around the stem with extensive bone loss. Only one case reported thigh pain before revision surgery, with radiological evidence of stem loosening; the remaining cases were asymptomatic with well-fixed implants. Gross anatomy findings revealed metallosis in the femoral canal and inside the cystic lesions. Pathology analysis showed monocyte-macrophage-dominated adverse foreign-body-type tissue reaction with fibroblastic reactive zones and granulomatous inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: We found a prevalence of 1% of this aseptic mode of implant failure. Since most of the retrieved stems were not loose, we did not find any alarming clinical symptoms anticipating implant failure. In this scenario, surgeons should be aware of the rapidly progressive nature of this entity and propose a revision THA in a timely fashion.
PURPOSE: It has been acknowledged that implant wear correlates with the risk for periprosthetic osteolysis, being aggressive granulomatosis the worst expression of bone resorption. We sought to determine the clinical, radiological, and histological features of aggressive granulomatosis after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS: We included nine cases with aggressive granulomatosis of the hip around cemented stems. Indications for revision THA consisted of progressive signs of extensive bone resorption or implant loosening. Mean follow-up since revision THA was 143 months (SD ± 59.4). We analysed clinical outcomes, component loosening and gross as well as histological characteristics of the granulomatous lesions. RESULTS: Overall mean time between primary THA and revision surgery was 81 months (SD ± 20.8). All of the cases evidenced multiple ovoid tumour-like lesions around the stem with extensive bone loss. Only one case reported thigh pain before revision surgery, with radiological evidence of stem loosening; the remaining cases were asymptomatic with well-fixed implants. Gross anatomy findings revealed metallosis in the femoral canal and inside the cystic lesions. Pathology analysis showed monocyte-macrophage-dominated adverse foreign-body-type tissue reaction with fibroblastic reactive zones and granulomatous inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: We found a prevalence of 1% of this aseptic mode of implant failure. Since most of the retrieved stems were not loose, we did not find any alarming clinical symptoms anticipating implant failure. In this scenario, surgeons should be aware of the rapidly progressive nature of this entity and propose a revision THA in a timely fashion.
Entities:
Keywords:
Aggressive granulomatosis; Osteolysis; Total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Danyal H Nawabi; Stephanie Gold; Steven Lyman; Kara Fields; Douglas E Padgett; Hollis G Potter Journal: Clin Orthop Relat Res Date: 2014-02 Impact factor: 4.176
Authors: Daniel Guenther; Peter Thomas; Daniel Kendoff; Mohamed Omar; Thorsten Gehrke; Carl Haasper Journal: Int Orthop Date: 2015-11-02 Impact factor: 3.075