Francesco Iovino1, Gianluca Gatta2, Pasquale Pio Auriemma3, Luca Dani3, Giulio Antoniol4, Alfonso Barbarisi3. 1. Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiotoraciche e Respiratorie, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italia. Electronic address: francesco.iovino@unicampania.it. 2. Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale F. Magrassi, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italia. 3. Dipartimento di Scienze Cardiotoraciche e Respiratorie, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Napoli, Italia. 4. Département de Génie Informatique et Génie Logiciel, Ecole Polytechnique de Montréal, Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess whether the use of the harmonic scalpel (HS) in axillary dissection would reduce long-term shoulder-arm morbidity compared to traditional instruments (TIs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis on 180 patients who underwent standard axillary dissection for breast cancer between 2007 and 2015 was carried out. All patients were evaluated for postoperative pain, impairment of shoulder-arm mobility, seroma formation in axilla, frozen shoulder, and lymphedema. RESULTS: HS procedure on average was 50% shorter compared to the TI technique. HS reduced by 4.5 times the risk of axillary seroma. TIs were associated with 4 times higher risk of developing a painful frozen shoulder. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the HS was associated with reduced costs and a positive long-term effect on shoulder-arm morbidity. Axillary seromas are not the only reason of later postoperative shoulder-arm morbidity: other mechanisms are hypothesized in the onset of this very disabling disorder.
BACKGROUND: We aimed to assess whether the use of the harmonic scalpel (HS) in axillary dissection would reduce long-term shoulder-arm morbidity compared to traditional instruments (TIs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis on 180 patients who underwent standard axillary dissection for breast cancer between 2007 and 2015 was carried out. All patients were evaluated for postoperative pain, impairment of shoulder-arm mobility, seroma formation in axilla, frozen shoulder, and lymphedema. RESULTS: HS procedure on average was 50% shorter compared to the TI technique. HS reduced by 4.5 times the risk of axillary seroma. TIs were associated with 4 times higher risk of developing a painful frozen shoulder. CONCLUSIONS: Use of the HS was associated with reduced costs and a positive long-term effect on shoulder-arm morbidity. Axillary seromas are not the only reason of later postoperative shoulder-arm morbidity: other mechanisms are hypothesized in the onset of this very disabling disorder.