Adsorptive removal of Pb (II) by means of hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposite hybrid nanoadsorbent: ANFIS modeling and experimental study.

In the current study, the prediction efficiency of lead adsorption by highly functional nanocomposite adsorbent of hydroxyapatite (HAp)/chitosan using ANFIS system was investigated. In this regard, the nanocomposite was applied in order to investigate the lead adsorption capacity. The operational conditions were pH (2-6), contact time between lead ions and adsorbent (15-360 min), shaker velocity (80-400 rpm), temperature (25-55 °C), amount of adsorbent (0.01-1.5 g), lead initial concentration (0-5000 ppm) and HAp concentration (10-75%). The effect of each parameter was investigated, and then the ANFIS was employed to model the adsorption process using the obtained experimental results. The ANFIS modeled the results with total average error and total average of absolute error less than 0.0646% and 4.2428%, respectively, for training data. Moreover, the coefficient of determination for training data and testing data were found to be 0.9999 and 0.9823, respectively. In addition, granular chitosan and HAp nanoparticles adsorption capabilities were compared with nanocomposite of HAp (20%wt)/chitosan adsorbent. It was found that nanocomposite adsorbent had a higher adsorption capability than other adsorbents.