Ultrasonic nano-emulsification - A review.

The emulsions with nano-sized dispersed phase is called nanoemulsions having a wide variety of applications ranging from food, dairy, pharmaceutics to paint and oil industries. As one of the high energy consumer methods, ultrasonic emulsification (UE) are being utilized in many processes providing unique benefits and advantages. In the present review, ultrasonic nano-emulsification is critically reviewed and assessed by focusing on the main parameters such pre-emulsion processes, multi-frequency or multi-step irradiations and also surfactant-free parameters. Furthermore, categorizing aposematic data of experimental researches such as frequency, irradiation power and time, oil phase and surfactant concentration and also droplet size and stability duration are analyzed and conceded in tables being beneficial to indicate uncovered fields. It is believed that the UE with optimized parameters and stimulated conditions is a developing method with various advantages.