Tungsten Trioxide Doped with CdSe Quantum Dots for Smart Windows.

Nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs) provide tunable optoelectronic properties on the basis of their dimension. CdSe QDs, which are size-dependent colloidal nanocrystals, are used for efficient electrochromic devices owing to their unique properties in modulating quantum confinement, resulting in enhanced electron insertion during the electrochromic process. Incorporating a well-known metal oxide electrochromic material such as WO3 into CdSe QDs enhances the redox process. Herein, we propose a facile method for producing and optimizing CdSe QDs doped in WO3. The fabrication of the electrochromic film involves a solution and annealing process. Moreover, the effect of the QD size to optimize the electrochromic layer is studied. As a result, the coloration efficiency of WO3 and optimized CdSe QD-WO3 are obtained as 68.6 and 112.3 cm2/C, respectively. Thus, size-tunable nanocrystal QDs combined with a metal oxide yield high-performance electrochromic devices and are promising candidates for producing smart windows.