Merat Mahmoodi1, Houshang Amiri2, Fatemeh Ayoobi3, Mehdi Rahmani4, Zahra Taghipour5, Razieh Taghizadeh Ghavamabadi5, Abdollah Jafarzadeh6, Mojtaba Sankian7. 1. Immunology Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 2. Neurology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. 3. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. 4. Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. 5. Department of Anatomy, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. 6. Molecular Medicine Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran. Electronic address: Jafarzadeh14@rums.ac.ir. 7. Immunology Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Electronic address: SankianM@mums.ac.ir.
Abstract
AIM: The inflammatory process is a key step in multiple sclerosis (MS) development. Carvacrol exhibits various anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to assess the Carvacrol effects on clinical manifestations and production of pro-inflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-17) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10) cytokines in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as MS animal model. MAIN METHODS: EAE mice were treated with 5, 10 mg/kg dose of Carvacrol or vehicle, as the control EAE group, every other day until day-21 post EAE induction. On day22, the leukocyte infiltration within the CNS was estimated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The cytokine production by splenocytes was determined after in vitro stimulating with myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG). KEY FINDINGS: The EAE clinical scores in 5 and 10 mg/kg Carvacrol-treated mice were lower than untreated group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). The amounts of IFN-γ and IL-6 production by splenocytes of 5 and 10 mg/kg Carvacrol-administered mice were lower than control group (P < 0.001, and P < 0.01 for IFN-γ respectively; P ˂ 0.05 for IL-6). Splenocytes of 5 and 10 mg/kg Carvacrol-treated mice produced higher levels of TGF-β than untreated mice (P < 0.001). in splenocytes of 5 mg/kg Carvacrol-treated group the IL-10 production was higher while IL-17 secretion was lower than control group (both with P < 0.01). SIGNIFICANCE: Carvacrol exhibits modulatory effects on expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. It ameliorates EAE clinical and pathological consequences and therefore its potentials may be considered in treating MS patients.
AIM: The inflammatory process is a key step in multiple sclerosis (MS) development. Carvacrol exhibits various anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to assess the Carvacrol effects on clinical manifestations and production of pro-inflammatory (IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-17) and anti-inflammatory (TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-10) cytokines in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as MS animal model. MAIN METHODS: EAE mice were treated with 5, 10 mg/kg dose of Carvacrol or vehicle, as the control EAE group, every other day until day-21 post EAE induction. On day22, the leukocyte infiltration within the CNS was estimated using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The cytokine production by splenocytes was determined after in vitro stimulating with myelin oligodendrocyte protein (MOG). KEY FINDINGS: The EAE clinical scores in 5 and 10 mg/kg Carvacrol-treated mice were lower than untreated group (P < 0.001 and P < 0.01, respectively). The amounts of IFN-γ and IL-6 production by splenocytes of 5 and 10 mg/kg Carvacrol-administered mice were lower than control group (P < 0.001, and P < 0.01 for IFN-γ respectively; P ˂ 0.05 for IL-6). Splenocytes of 5 and 10 mg/kg Carvacrol-treated mice produced higher levels of TGF-β than untreated mice (P < 0.001). in splenocytes of 5 mg/kg Carvacrol-treated group the IL-10 production was higher while IL-17 secretion was lower than control group (both with P < 0.01). SIGNIFICANCE: Carvacrol exhibits modulatory effects on expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. It ameliorates EAE clinical and pathological consequences and therefore its potentials may be considered in treating MSpatients.
Authors: Amanda Gabrielle Barros Dantas; Rafael Limongi de Souza; Anderson Rodrigues de Almeida; Francisco Humberto Xavier Júnior; Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta; Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo; Elquio Eleamen Oliveira Journal: Molecules Date: 2021-06-25 Impact factor: 4.411