Polyphenols regulating microRNAs and inflammation biomarkers in obesity.

Obesity is one of the most prevalent health problems worldwide. It is a complex disease that is generally accompanied by insulin resistance, increases in oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers, and potentially, microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation. Polyphenols may act on obesity and its metabolic consequences. Circulating miRNAs have been studied as potential biomarkers for inflammatory and metabolic diseases, and their use may improve the diagnostic tools currently available and the ability to diagnose specific diseases. To our knowledge, data regarding the link between the consumption of polyphenols from food sources, miRNA expression, and inflammation biomarkers related to obesity is scarce, and most data available describing this relationship are found in cancer studies. This review focuses on the polyphenols that modulate the metabolism, inflammation, or both related to obesity to understand the extent to which miRNA expression can be modulated by dietary interventions.