Ashli A Owen-Smith1,2, Brian K Ahmedani3,4, Ed Peterson5, Gregory E Simon6, Rebecca C Rossom7, Frances L Lynch8, Christine Y Lu9, Beth E Waitzfelder10, Arne Beck11, Lynn L DeBar6, Victoria Sanon1, Yousef Maaz4, Shehryar Khan4, Lisa R Miller-Matero3,4, Deepak Prabhakar4, Cathy Frank4, Christopher L Drake12, Jordan M Braciszewski3. 1. School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. 2. Kaiser Permanente Georgia, Center for Research and Evaluation, Atlanta, Georgia. 3. Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. 4. Behavioral Health Services, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. 5. Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A. 6. Kaiser Permanente Washington, Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, U.S.A. 7. Health Partners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A. 8. Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon, U.S.A. 9. Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 10. Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Center for Health Research, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A. 11. Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Institute for Health Research, Aurora, Colorado, U.S.A. 12. Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.
Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Few studies have examined the relationship between nonmalignant chronic pain (NMCP) and suicide death, and even fewer have specifically explored what role sleep disturbance might play in the association between NMCP and suicide death. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether sleep disturbance mediates the relationship between NMCP and suicide death. DESIGN: This case-control study included 2,674 individuals who died by suicide between 2000 and 2013 (cases) and 267,400 matched individuals (controls). SETTING: Eight Mental Health Research Network (MHRN)-affiliated healthcare systems. PARTICIPANTS: All cases and matched controls were health plan members for at least 10 months during the year prior to the index date. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Sociodemographic data and diagnosis codes for NMCP and sleep disorders were extracted from the MHRN's Virtual Data Warehouse. Suicide mortality was identified using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)-10 codes from official government mortality records matched to health system records. RESULTS: After accounting for covariates, there was a significant relationship between NMCP and sleep disturbance; those who were diagnosed with NMCP were more likely to develop subsequent sleep disturbance. Similarly, sleep disturbance was significantly associated with suicide death. Finally, a significant indirect effect of NMCP on suicide death, through sleep disturbance, and a nonsignificant direct effect of NMCP on suicide death provide support for a fully mediated model. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There is a need for clinicians to screen for both sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation in NMCP patients and for health systems to implement more widespread behavioral treatments that address comorbid sleep problems and NMCP.
IMPORTANCE: Few studies have examined the relationship between nonmalignant chronic pain (NMCP) and suicide death, and even fewer have specifically explored what role sleep disturbance might play in the association between NMCP and suicide death. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether sleep disturbance mediates the relationship between NMCP and suicide death. DESIGN: This case-control study included 2,674 individuals who died by suicide between 2000 and 2013 (cases) and 267,400 matched individuals (controls). SETTING: Eight Mental Health Research Network (MHRN)-affiliated healthcare systems. PARTICIPANTS: All cases and matched controls were health plan members for at least 10 months during the year prior to the index date. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Sociodemographic data and diagnosis codes for NMCP and sleep disorders were extracted from the MHRN's Virtual Data Warehouse. Suicide mortality was identified using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD)-10 codes from official government mortality records matched to health system records. RESULTS: After accounting for covariates, there was a significant relationship between NMCP and sleep disturbance; those who were diagnosed with NMCP were more likely to develop subsequent sleep disturbance. Similarly, sleep disturbance was significantly associated with suicide death. Finally, a significant indirect effect of NMCP on suicide death, through sleep disturbance, and a nonsignificant direct effect of NMCP on suicide death provide support for a fully mediated model. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: There is a need for clinicians to screen for both sleep disturbance and suicidal ideation in NMCPpatients and for health systems to implement more widespread behavioral treatments that address comorbid sleep problems and NMCP.
Authors: Elena P Calandre; M Angustias Navajas-Rojas; Javier Ballesteros; Jocelyne Garcia-Carrillo; Juan M Garcia-Leiva; Fernando Rico-Villademoros Journal: Pain Pract Date: 2014-01-17 Impact factor: 3.183
Authors: W Vaughn McCall; Nicholas Batson; Megan Webster; L Douglas Case; Indu Joshi; Todd Derreberry; Adam McDonough; Suzan R Farris Journal: J Clin Sleep Med Date: 2013-02-01 Impact factor: 4.062
Authors: Jennifer M Boggs; Richard C Lindrooth; Catherine Battaglia; Arne Beck; Debra P Ritzwoller; Brian K Ahmedani; Rebecca C Rossom; Frances L Lynch; Christine Y Lu; Beth E Waitzfelder; Ashli A Owen-Smith; Gregory E Simon; Heather D Anderson Journal: Gen Hosp Psychiatry Date: 2019-11-17 Impact factor: 3.238
Authors: Brian K Ahmedani; Cara E Cannella; Hsueh-Han Yeh; Joslyn Westphal; Gregory E Simon; Arne Beck; Rebecca C Rossom; Frances L Lynch; Christine Y Lu; Ashli A Owen-Smith; Kelsey J Sala-Hamrick; Cathrine Frank; Esther Akinyemi; Ganj Beebani; Christopher Busuito; Jennifer M Boggs; Yihe G Daida; Stephen Waring; Hongsheng Gui; Albert M Levin Journal: Transl Psychiatry Date: 2022-07-13 Impact factor: 7.989
Authors: Ronald C Kessler; Mark S Bauer; Todd M Bishop; Olga V Demler; Steven K Dobscha; Sarah M Gildea; Joseph L Goulet; Elizabeth Karras; Julie Kreyenbuhl; Sara J Landes; Howard Liu; Alex R Luedtke; Patrick Mair; William H B McAuliffe; Matthew Nock; Maria Petukhova; Wilfred R Pigeon; Nancy A Sampson; Jordan W Smoller; Lauren M Weinstock; Robert M Bossarte Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2020-05-06 Impact factor: 4.157