Bioaccumulation of metal(loid)s in Cardisoma crassum and pollution assessment in a mangrove protected area in Mexico.

The bioaccumulation of several elements in "mouthless crabs" (Cardisoma crassum) and their concentrations in environmental samples were assessed in a mangrove forest within a natural protected area located in the middle of Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. The concentrations of Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sr, Si, V, and Zn in sediments, mangrove litterfall, and pore water and their bioaccumulations in the muscle and shell tissue of C. crassum were determined during rainy and dry seasons. Two different sampling sites were compared, selected according to the influence of the tide. The samples were analyzed by ICP-OES. In pore water, half of the elements of interest were below the limits of detection. Pb and Cd concentrations were only detected in the sedimentary phase. Al and Fe presented the highest concentrations at both sampling sites in the sediments and mangrove litterfall. There were no significant differences between sampling seasons in water samples (P > 0.05). Only Cu presented significant differences between sampling seasons in the mangrove litterfall samples and V in the sediment samples (P < 0.05). The sediment quality guidelines indicated that only Cd was above the threshold effect limit. As, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb remained below the limits of detection in muscle tissue and shell samples. The biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) determined for Cu and Zn were above 1.0, indicating the accumulation of these elements in the muscle tissue of C. crassum, while the BSAF values in the shell were above the threshold for Ba, Si, and Sr.