Dataset on schistosomiasis control using potassium usnate against Biomphalaria glabrata at different developmental stage and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae.

This text presents complementary data corresponding to schistosomiasis mansoni׳s vector control and toxicity on Schistosoma mansoni cercariae using potassium usnate. This information support our research article "Potassium Usnate Toxicity Against Embryonic Stages of the Snail Biomphalaria glabrata and Schistosoma mansoni Cercariae" [1], and focuses on the analysis of the detailed data regarding the different concentrations of potassium usnate and their efficiency to B. glabrata mortality and non-viability and S. mansoni cercariae mortality etiologic agent of the disease.

Specifications table

Value of the data

The data detail the embryotoxic activity of potassium usnate on the evolutionary stages (blastula, gastrula, trophorora, veliger, and hippo stage) of B. glabrata, correlating the different concentrations applied to the respective stages.

Data report a more detailed view of the malformations and death, express in LC10, LC50, and LC90, of the different stages of development of B. glabrata embryos, of the original article as to their minimum concentration to reach the LC100 of the embryos.

The data of different times (15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min) allow us to infer possible time intervals to obtain effective results (LC10, LC50 and LC90) on S. mansoni cercariae.

Data

The data presented in this work provide results related to the unviability, (malformations and death) of embryos in the stages of blastula, gastrula, trophorora, veliger, and hippo stage of the Biomphalaria glabrata after different treatments with the potassium usnate (Table 1), as well as the potassium usnate activity on cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (Table 2).

Table 1

Biomphalaria glabrata embryos unviability under different treatments with potassium usnate.

Embryonic stages	Treatment (μg/mL)	Viable embryos (%)	Unviable embryos (%)
		Complete development	Malformed	Dead	Total unviable
Blastula	Potassium usnate
	1.0	99.3 ± 0.5	0.3 ± 0.5	0.3 ± 0.5	0.6 (1.0)
	1.5	99.0 ± 1.0	0.3 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.0	1.3 (0.5)
	2.0	98.0 ± 0.0	0.6 ± 0.5	2.0 ± 1.0	2.6 (1.5)
	2.5	75.7 ± 10.4	14.0 ± 6.0	10.3 ± 4.5	24.3 (10.5)a
	3.0	74.3 ± 5.8	15.3 ± 4.7	10.6 ± 1.5	25.9 (6.2)c
	3.5	66.6 ± 3.0	17.6 ± 4.1	15.6 ± 5.1	33.2 (9.2)c
	4.0	62.0 ± 6.0	13.0 ± 3.0	24.6 ± 4.0	37.6 (7.0)c
	4.5	55.6 ± 2.8	8.6 ± 1.5	35.6 ± 1.5	44.2 (3.0)c
	5.0	51.6 ± 20.1	5.0 ± 1.0	44.0 ± 18.7	49.0 (19.7)c
	5.5	2.3 ± 1.5	2.0 ± 1.0	95.3 ± 3.5	97.3 (4.5)c
	6.0	0.0	6.0 ± 4.5	93.6 ± 6.80	99.6 (11.3)c
	CTRL	99.3 ± 0.3	0.3 ± 0.5	0.3 ± 0.5	0.6 (1.0)
	NCL	0.0	0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 (0.0)
Gastrula	Potassium usnate
	1.0	92.6 ± 3.7	6.0 ± 3.6	1.3 ± 1.5	7.3 (5.1)
	1.5	87.3 ± 6.1	3.6 ± 2.5	9.3 ± 3.2	12.6 (5.7)
	2.0	70.3 ± 6.4	19.0 ± 2.0c	10.6 ± 4.6	29.6 (6.6)c
	2.5	63.3 ± 4.3	15.3 ± 2.0b	24.6 ± 6.8a	39.9 (8.8)c
	3.0	51.5 ± 15.3	7.0 ± 8.7	41.6 ± 23.1	48.6 (31.8)c
	3.5	6.6 ± 2.0	3.6 ± 1.5	89.6 ± 1.5	93.2 (3.0)c
	4.0	0.0	0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 (0.0)c
	CTRL	98.6 ± 0.5	0.6 ± 0.5	0.6 ± 0.5	1.2 (1.0)
	NCL	0.0	0.0	100	100.0 (0.0)
Trocophore	Potassium usnate
	1.0	96.0 ± .4.0	2.0 ± 1.0	1.0 ± 0.0	3.0 (1.0)
	1.5	92.6 ± 0.5	5.3 ± 1.5	2.0 ± 1.0	7.3 (2.5)
	2.0	83.0 ± 1.7	12.6 ± 4.0	2.3 ± 1.5	14.6 (15.5)c
	2.5	73.0 ± 5.0	23.6 ± 5.8	3.3 ± 2.3	26.9 (8.1)c
	3.0	67.3 ± 3.0	28.6 ± 2.5	4.0 ± 3.6	32.6 (6.1)c
	3.5	65.0 ± 2.0	22.3 ± 3.7	12.3 ± 3.5	34.6 (7.2)c
	4.0	48.0 ± 4.5	15.0 ± 7.9	37.3 ± 12.6	52.3 (20.5)c
	4.5	0.0	0.0	100	100.0 (0.0)c
	CTRL	99.0 ± 1.0	0.6 ± 0.5	0.3 ± 0.5	0.9 (1.0)
	NCL	0.0	0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 (0.0)
Veliger	Potassium usnate
	1.0	97.6 ± 2.0	1.6 ± 0.5	1.0 ± 0.0	2.6 (0.5)
	1.5	83.0 ± 2.6	17.0 ± 1.7	0.33 ± 0.5	17.3 (2.2)a
	2.0	74.0 ± 6.0	18.3 ± 7.6	7.0 ± 5.0	25.3 (12.6)c
	2.5	74.0 ± 8.8	18.3 ± 8.9	7.6 ± 2.0	25.9 (10.9)c
	3.0	48.6 ± 12.1	26.3 ± 14.9	24.3 ± 2.5	50.6 (17.4)c
	3.5	27.6 ± 5.6	10.3 ± 5.7	62.3 ± 11.5	72.6 (17.2)c
	4.0	5.6 ± 2.5	5.6 ± 2.3	88.0 ± 4.5	93.6 (6.8)c
	4.5	0.0	4.3 ± 0.5	96.0 ± 1.0	99.6 (1.5)c
	CTRL	99.3 ± 0.5	0.3 ± 0.5	0.6 ± 0.5	0.9 (1.0)
	NCL	0.0	0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 (0.0)
Hippo stage	Potassium usnate
	1.0	85.6 ± 1.5	0.6 ± 0.5	13.0 ± 3.6	13.6 (4.1)a
	1.5	69.6 ± 7.2	1.0 ± 1.0	28.0 ± 7.8	29.0 (8.8)c
	2.0	62.3 ± 2.5	0.6 ± 0.5	36.6 ± 3.0	37.2 (3.5)c
	2.5	53.3 ± 2.5	0.0	46.3 ± 0.5	46.3 (0.5)c
	3.0	46.0 ± 6.0	0.3 ± 0.5	53.3 ± 6.5	53.6 (7.0)c
	3.5	17.0 ± 2.6	0.0	82.6 ± 2.5	82.6 (2.5)c
	4.0	0.0	0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 (0.0)c
	CTRL	98.6 ± 0.5	0.6 ± 0.5	0.6 ± 0.5	1.2 (1.0)
	NCL	0.0	0.0	100.0 ± 0.0	100.0 (0.0)

Values expressed as mean (±standard deviation). Negative control group (CTRL) filtered and dechlorinated water only. Positive control group with 1.0 μg/mL niclosamide (NCL).

The letters indicate significant differences p < 0.5 compared with the negative control (CTRL).

The letters indicate significant differences p < 0.001 compared with the negative control (CTRL).

The letters indicate significant differences p < 0.0001 compared with the negative control (CTRL).

Table 2

Lethal concentration (LC) for S. mansoni cercariae exposed to potassium usnate concentration 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 5, 10 and 100 µg/mL during 120 min.

Exposure time (min)	Lethal concentration (µg/mL)
	LC10	LC50	LC90
15	1.59 [1.44–1,74]	4.22 [4.07–4,37]	8.38 [8.23–8.53]
30	1.07 [0.95–1.19]	3.29 [3.17–3.41]	5.98 [5.86–6.10]
60	0.59 [0.48–0.70]	1.98 [1.87–2.09]	4.93 [4.82–5.04]
90	0.31 [0.28–0.34]	1.16 [1.13–1.19]	3.37 [3.34–3.40]
120	0.19 [0.15–0.23]	0.71 [0.67–0.75]	2.41 [2.37–2.45]
Niclosamide 1.0 µg/mL	nc	nc	nc

nc=not calculated. [] 95% confidence interval.

Experimental design, materials and methods

B. glabrata embryotoxicity assay

The embryotoxicity assay was performed according to the methodology described by Araújo et al. [2]. B. glabrata embryos were collected by depositing polyethylene sheets (10 × 10 cm2) in aquarius. Subsequently, the embryos were packed in Petri dishes (10 mL) then, stereoscopic microscopes (Wild M3B, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) was used to evaluate and classify the embryos according to their stage of development following the methodology described by Kawano et al. [3]. The classification of the embryonic stages was determined after the first cleavage, as previously reported [4]: blastula (0–15 h), gastrula (24–39 h), trochophore (48–87 h), veliger (96–111 h) and hippo stage (144–168 h). Subsequently, groups of 100 embryos at each embryonic stage were exposed to 10 mL of potassium usnate in Petri dishes for 24 h at different concentrations as follows: blastula (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5 and 6 µg/mL); gastrula (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 µg/mL); trocophore (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 and 4.5 µg/mL); veliger (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4 and 4.5 µg/mL); and hippo stage (1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 µg/mL). Only filtered and dechlorinated water (pH 7.0) was used for the negative control (CTRL) groups. The positive group was prepared to consist of 1 μg/mL niclosamide (NCL) (Bayluscide, Bayer) in filtered and dechlorinated water. After 24 h of exposure, all embryos were washed with filtered and dechlorinated water and placed in new Petri dishes containing only filtered and dechlorinated water. After 8 days the embryos were analyzed daily and classified into viable (hatching) and unviable (malformed and dead). Two independent experiments were performed in triplicate.

Toxicity assay with S. mansoni cercariae

Cercariae of S. mansoni (Strain - BH) were obtained from of B. glabrata adults (n = 15) previously infected in a laboratory with miracidia (n = 6). After 35 days of infection, the snails were placed in a beaker of 400 mL and submerged in 100 mL of filtered and dechlorinated water and exposed to artificial light (60 W) for 2 h until the cercariae were eliminated to obtain the cercaria suspension. The assay was performed as described in a previous work [5], the estimation of cercariae was calculated by means of an inverted microscope (Leica DM IL Wetzlar, Germany) and an aliquot of 100 cercariae/mL was transferred to a concave glass container and exposed to solutions of the potassium usnate in final concentrations of 100, 10, 5.0, 2.5, 1.5, 1.0 and 0.5 μg/mL. Cercariae from the negative and positive control groups were exposed in filtered and dechlorinated water and to niclosamide at a concentration of 1 μg/mL, respectively. The cercariae were evaluated at intervals of 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after exposure. The following parameters were used for the cercaricidal evaluation: mortality of 10% (LC10), 50% (LC50), and 90% (LC90) at different times after exposure. Two independent experiments were performed in triplicate.

Subject area	Chemistry, Biology
More specific subject area	Natural products biochemistry
Type of data	Tables
How data was acquired	Stereoscopic microscope (Wild M3B, Heerbrugg, Switzerland) and an inverted microscope (Leica DM IL)
Data format	Analyzed
Experimental factors	Usnic acid purification from Cladonia substellata lichen and subsequently synthesis of the potassium usnate
Experimental features	Embryonic stages B. glabrata unviability and mortality tests and S. mansoni cercariae mortality assay over potassium usnate treatments were evaluated
Data source location	Recife, Brazil
Data accessibility	Data found in this article
Related research article	H.D.A. Araújo, A.M.M.A. Melo, W.N. Siqueira, M.C.B. Martins, A.L. Aires, M.C.P.A. Albuquerque, N.H. Silva, V.L.M. Lima, Potassium usnate toxicity against embryonic stages of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata and Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Acta Tropica [1]