Yuan Yao1, Yan Xu2, Haitao Ren1, Xiangqin Zhou1, Liri Jin1, Yan Huang1, Qiang Lu1, Xunzhe Yang1, Yao Zhang1, Yicheng Zhu1, Bin Peng1, Liying Cui3. 1. Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng district, Beijing 100730, China. 2. Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng district, Beijing 100730, China. Electronic address: xuyanpumch@hotmail.com. 3. Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Shuaifuyuan Street, Dongcheng district, Beijing 100730, China; Neurosciences Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.3 Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing 100730, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the incidence and characteristics of acute epileptic seizures in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). In this study, we compared the incidence and characteristics of acute epileptic seizures in MOG-EM and NMOSD patients. METHODS: MOG-EM (n = 61) and NMOSD (n = 565) cases obtained from the MSNMOBase (2011-2018) were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Acute epileptic seizures were observed in 13 (21.3%) patients with MOG-EM and two (0.4%) patients with NMOSD (P < 0.001). In both MOG-EM and NMOSD patients, more than half of seizures were single and of focal onset; slow wave and cortical/subcortical lesions were the most common abnormalities. In MOG-EM patients, no difference was found in the proportion of single seizure with and without anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs; 64.3% vs. 45.5%, P = 0.435). Long-term AED use did not significantly reduce the occurrence of acute epileptic seizures, which was 66.7% before and after treatment. In patients with MOG-EM and NMOSD, mycophenolate mofetil significantly reduced acute epileptic seizure occurrence (P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: Acute epileptic seizures were more common in MOG-EM patients than in NMOSD patients. The long-term use of AEDs might be unnecessary given the use of immunotherapy in cases of MOG-EM.
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the incidence and characteristics of acute epileptic seizures in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). In this study, we compared the incidence and characteristics of acute epileptic seizures in MOG-EM and NMOSD patients. METHODS:MOG-EM (n = 61) and NMOSD (n = 565) cases obtained from the MSNMOBase (2011-2018) were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Acute epileptic seizures were observed in 13 (21.3%) patients with MOG-EM and two (0.4%) patients with NMOSD (P < 0.001). In both MOG-EM and NMOSD patients, more than half of seizures were single and of focal onset; slow wave and cortical/subcortical lesions were the most common abnormalities. In MOG-EM patients, no difference was found in the proportion of single seizure with and without anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs; 64.3% vs. 45.5%, P = 0.435). Long-term AED use did not significantly reduce the occurrence of acute epileptic seizures, which was 66.7% before and after treatment. In patients with MOG-EM and NMOSD, mycophenolate mofetil significantly reduced acute epilepticseizure occurrence (P = 0.024). CONCLUSION: Acute epileptic seizures were more common in MOG-EM patients than in NMOSD patients. The long-term use of AEDs might be unnecessary given the use of immunotherapy in cases of MOG-EM.