Michael J Dowzicky1, Eva Chmelařová2. 1. Pfizer, Inc., 500 Arcola Road, E Dock, Office F-3232, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA. Electronic address: Michael.Dowzicky@pfizer.com. 2. Department of Microbiology, AGEL Laboratories, Ostrava - Vítkovice, Czech Republic.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (T.E.S.T.) is a global surveillance programme monitoring the in vitro activity of a panel of antimicrobial agents against clinically important bacterial isolates. Data for Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates collected in Eastern Europe between 2011 and 2016 are presented here. METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the broth microdilution method using CLSI guidelines. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using EUCAST breakpoints. RESULTS: Nine Eastern European countries submitted 4289 isolates. Among Acinetobacter baumannii, resistance to levofloxacin, amikacin and meropenem was 77.5%, 63.4% and 62.2%, respectively. Multidrug resistance among A. baumannii was higher in 2015 than in previous years (44.1% in 2011 and 71.0% in 2015), decreasing to 51.7% in 2016. The multidrug resistance percentage for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 26.9% and was relatively stable over time. The percentage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive isolates among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 20.1% and 55.7%, respectively. Resistance to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was low among E. coli and K. pneumoniae and the ESBL-producing subset (≤5.9%). Among Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 36.7% were methicillin-resistant (MRSA); percentages varied year-on-year. No S. aureus isolates, including MRSA, were resistant to linezolid, vancomycin or tigecycline. Among Enterococcus faecium isolates, resistance was 22.6% to vancomycin and 2.3% to linezolid; no isolates were resistant to tigecycline. CONCLUSION: This study shows low resistance to meropenem and tigecycline among Enterobacteriaceae isolates and continued activity of linezolid, vancomycin and tigecycline against Gram-positive organisms. However, antimicrobial resistance continues to be problematic in Eastern Europe and requires continued surveillance.
OBJECTIVES: The Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (T.E.S.T.) is a global surveillance programme monitoring the in vitro activity of a panel of antimicrobial agents against clinically important bacterial isolates. Data for Gram-positive and Gram-negative isolates collected in Eastern Europe between 2011 and 2016 are presented here. METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the broth microdilution method using CLSI guidelines. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using EUCAST breakpoints. RESULTS: Nine Eastern European countries submitted 4289 isolates. Among Acinetobacter baumannii, resistance to levofloxacin, amikacin and meropenem was 77.5%, 63.4% and 62.2%, respectively. Multidrug resistance among A. baumannii was higher in 2015 than in previous years (44.1% in 2011 and 71.0% in 2015), decreasing to 51.7% in 2016. The multidrug resistance percentage for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 26.9% and was relatively stable over time. The percentage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive isolates among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 20.1% and 55.7%, respectively. Resistance to amikacin, meropenem and tigecycline was low among E. coli and K. pneumoniae and the ESBL-producing subset (≤5.9%). Among Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 36.7% were methicillin-resistant (MRSA); percentages varied year-on-year. No S. aureus isolates, including MRSA, were resistant to linezolid, vancomycin or tigecycline. Among Enterococcus faecium isolates, resistance was 22.6% to vancomycin and 2.3% to linezolid; no isolates were resistant to tigecycline. CONCLUSION: This study shows low resistance to meropenem and tigecycline among Enterobacteriaceae isolates and continued activity of linezolid, vancomycin and tigecycline against Gram-positive organisms. However, antimicrobial resistance continues to be problematic in Eastern Europe and requires continued surveillance.
Authors: Elena Pérez-Nadales; Mario Fernández-Ruiz; Belén Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez; Álvaro Pascual; Jesús Rodríguez-Baño; Luis Martínez-Martínez; José María Aguado; Julian Torre-Cisneros Journal: Transpl Infect Dis Date: 2022-06-28