Literature DB >> 30443403

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (4Z)-1-butyl-4-(2-oxo-propyl-idene)-2,3,4,5-tetra-hydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one.

Karim Chkirate1, Nada Kheira Sebbar2, Tuncer Hökelek3, Damodaran Krishnan4, Joel T Mague5, El Mokhtar Essassi1.   

Abstract

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C16H20N2O2, consists of two independent mol-ecules differing slightly in the conformations of the seven-membered rings and the butyl substituents, where the benzene rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 34.56 (3)°. In the crystal, pairwise inter-molecular C-H⋯O and complementary intra-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form twisted strips extending parallel to (012). These strips are connected into layers parallel to (111) by additional inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The layers are further joined by C-H⋯π inter-actions. The Hirshfeld surface analysis of the crystal structure indicates that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H⋯H (65.5%), H⋯C/C⋯H (16.0%) and H⋯O/O⋯H (15.8%) inter-actions.

Entities:  

Keywords:  Hirshfeld surface; benzodiazepine; crystal structure; hydrogen bond; π-stacking

Year:  2018        PMID: 30443403      PMCID: PMC6218913          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014779

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

1,5-Benzodiazepine derivatives constituted an important class of heterocyclic compounds possessing a wide spectrum of biological properties. They exhibit anti-inflammatory (Roma et al., 1991 ▸), hypnotic (Kudo et al., 1982 ▸), anti-HIV-1 (Di Braccio et al., 2001 ▸), anti­convulsant (De Sarro et al., 1996 ▸), anti­microbial (Kumar et al., 2007 ▸) and anti­tumor (Kamal et al., 2008 ▸) activities. The present work is a continuation of the synthesis of the N-substituted 1,5-benzodiazepines derivatives performed recently by our team (Sebhaoui et al., 2016 ▸, 2017 ▸; Chkirate et al., 2018 ▸). In this work, we prepared the title compound, for an investigation of its biological activities, by reacting (Z)-4-(2-oxo­propyl­idene)-4,5-di­hydro-1H-benzo[b][1,5]diazepin-2(3H)-one with 1-bromo­butane, under liquid–liquid phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) conditions using tetra n-butyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) as catalyst and an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide as base in di­chloro­methane (Fig. 1 ▸). We report herein its crystal and mol­ecular structures along with the Hirshfeld surface analysis.
Figure 1

The asymmetric unit with the labelling scheme and 50% probability ellipsoids. N—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are indicated by blue and black dashed lines, respectively.

Structural commentary

The asymmetric unit of the title compound consists of two independent mol­ecules differing modestly in the conformations of the seven-membered B (N1/N2/C1/C6–C9) and D (N3/N4/C17/C22–C25) rings and the n-butyl substituents, where the benzene A (C1–C6) and C (C17–C22) rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 34.56 (3)°. Rings B and D have boat conformations with slightly different Cremer–Pople puckering parameters [for ring B: Q(2) = 0.8872 (13) Å, Q(3) = 0.2030 (13) Å, φ(2) = 28.49 (8)° and φ(3) = 138.6 (4)°, Q T = 0.9102 (13) Å and for ring D: Q(2) = 0.8631 (13) Å, Q(3) = 0.2113 (13) Å, φ(2) = 24.61 (8)° and φ(3) = 136.8 (3)°, Q T = 0.8886 (13) Å]. In the n-butyl substituents, the C13—C14—C15—C16 [177.96 (13)°] and C29—C30—C31—C32 [174.97 (12)°] chains also have slightly different torsion angles. The conformation of the 2-oxo­propyl­idene units are partially determined by the intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds (Table 1 ▸, Fig. 1 ▸) The r.m.s. deviation of the overlay of two molecules is 0.1367 Å.
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

Cg1 is the centroid of benzene ring A (C1–C6).

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
N1—H1⋯O20.927 (17)1.834 (17)2.5998 (14)138.2 (13)
N3—H3A⋯O40.898 (17)1.901 (17)2.6349 (14)137.6 (14)
C2—H2⋯O1ii 0.964 (15)2.469 (16)3.4235 (17)170.6 (11)
C3—H3⋯O3vi 0.968 (15)2.420 (17)3.3714 (16)166.0 (11)
C5—H5⋯O40.998 (16)2.456 (15)3.4086 (17)159.3 (11)
C18—H18⋯O3v 0.961 (14)2.556 (15)3.5165 (16)176.4 (11)
C19—H19⋯O1i 1.001 (15)2.330 (15)3.3273 (15)177.0 (12)
C21—H21⋯O20.986 (15)2.277 (15)3.1933 (16)154.1 (11)
C28—H28C⋯O4vi 0.982.483.4342 (18)164
C12—H12ACg1x 0.999 (19)2.921 (19)3.9047 (16)167.8 (13)
C30—H30ACg1xii 1.007 (16)2.903 (15)3.8016 (15)149.0 (11)

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (v) ; (vi) ; (x) ; (xii) .

Supra­molecular features

Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals contacts are the dominant inter­actions in the crystal packing. In the crystal, pairwise inter­molecular C—HBnz⋯OOxoprp (Bnz = Benzene and Oxoprp = 2-oxo­propyl­idene) and complementary intra­molecular C—HBnz⋯OBnzdzp (Bnzdzp = 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one) hydrogen bonds (Table 1 ▸) form twisted strips extending parallel to (012) (Fig. 2 ▸). These strips are connected into layers parallel to (111) (Fig. 3 ▸) by inter­molecular C—HBnz⋯OOxoprp and C—HBnzdzp⋯OBnzdzp hydrogen bonds (Table 1 ▸). The layers are further joined by C—HBnzdzp⋯π and C—HBty⋯π (Bty = n-but­yl) inter­actions (Table 1 ▸ and Figs. 2 ▸ and 3 ▸).
Figure 2

Detail of inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonding (black dashed lines) and C—H⋯π (ring) inter­actions (green dashed lines) viewed along the a-axis direction.

Figure 3

Packing viewed along the a-axis direction with inter­molecular inter­actions depicted as in Fig. 2 ▸.

Hirshfeld surface analysis

In order to visualize the inter­molecular inter­actions in the crystal of the title compound, a Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis (Hirshfeld, 1977 ▸; Spackman & Jayatilaka, 2009 ▸) was carried out by using Crystal Explorer17.5 (Turner et al., 2017 ▸). In the HS plotted over d norm (Fig. 4 ▸), the white surface indicates contacts with distances equal to the sum of van der Waals radii, and the red and blue colours indicate distances shorter (in close contact) or longer (distinct contact) than the van der Waals radii, respectively (Venkatesan et al., 2016 ▸). The bright-red spots appearing near O1, O2, O3 and hydrogen atoms H18, H19 and H28C indicate their roles as the respective donors and acceptors in the dominant C—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The shape-index of the HS is a tool for visualizing π–π stacking inter­actions by the presence of adjacent red and blue triangles; if there are no adjacent red and/or blue triangles, then there are no π–π inter­actions. Fig. 5 ▸ clearly suggests that there are no π–π inter­actions.
Figure 4

View of the three-dimensional Hirshfeld surface of the title compound plotted over d norm in the range −0.2745 to 1.3634 a.u.

Figure 5

Hirshfeld surface of the title compound plotted over shape-index.

The overall two-dimensional fingerprint plot, Fig. 6 ▸ a, and those delineated into H⋯H, H⋯C/C⋯H, H⋯O/O⋯H, H⋯N/N⋯H, O⋯C/C⋯O, N⋯C/C⋯N and CC contacts (McKinnon et al., 2007 ▸) are illustrated in Fig. 6 ▸ b–h, respectively, together with their relative contributions to the Hirshfeld surface. The most important inter­action is H⋯H contributing 65.5% to the overall crystal packing, which is reflected in Fig. 6 ▸ b as widely scattered points of high density due to the large hydrogen-atom content of the mol­ecule. The wide peak in the centre at d e = d i = 1.16 Å in Fig. 6 ▸ b is due to the short inter­atomic H⋯H contacts (Table 2 ▸). In the presence of weak C—H⋯π inter­actions (Table 1 ▸) in the crystal, the pair of characteristic wings resulting in the fingerprint plot delineated into H⋯C/C⋯H contacts, Fig. 6 ▸ c, the 16.0% contribution to the HS is viewed as pair of spikes with the tips at d e + d i ∼ 2.73 Å. The H⋯O/O⋯H contacts in the structure, with 15.8% contribution to the HS, have a symmetrical distribution of points, Fig. 6 ▸ d, with the tips at d e + d i ∼2.24 Å arising from the short intra- and/or inter­atomic C—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding (Table 1 ▸) as well as from the H⋯O/O⋯H contacts (Table 2 ▸). Finally, the H⋯N/N⋯H (Fig. 6 ▸ e) contacts (Table 2 ▸) in the structure, with a 1.4% contribution to the HS, have a symmetrical distribution of points, with a pair of wings appearing at d e = d i = 2.67 Å. The Hirshfeld surface representations for d norm are shown for the H⋯H, H⋯C/C⋯H and H⋯O/O⋯H inter­actions in Fig. 7 ▸ a–c, respectively.
Figure 6

The full two-dimensional fingerprint plots for the title compound, showing (a) all inter­actions, and delineated into (b) H⋯H, (c) H⋯C/C⋯H, (d) H⋯O/O⋯H, (e) H⋯N/N⋯H, (f) O⋯C/C⋯O, (g) N⋯C/C⋯N and (h) C⋯C inter­actions. d i and d e are the closest inter­nal and external distances (in Å) from given points on the Hirshfeld surface.

Table 2

Selected interatomic distances (Å)

O1⋯H19i 2.328 (16)C11⋯H26iv 2.976 (14)
O1⋯H13A ii 2.878 (18)C13⋯H22.746 (15)
O1⋯H2ii 2.468 (15)C17⋯H24B 2.635 (14)
O1⋯H13B 2.242 (15)C17⋯H30B 2.810 (15)
O1⋯H8B iii 2.858 (15)C18⋯H29B 2.688 (14)
O2⋯H212.277 (15)C21⋯H14B ix 2.961 (17)
O2⋯H12C i 2.627 (18)C21⋯H28A iv 2.94
O2⋯H11.834 (17)C22⋯H24B 2.679 (14)
O2⋯H26iv 2.780 (14)C25⋯H29B v 2.815 (14)
O3⋯H18v 2.556 (15)C26⋯H4vi 2.988 (16)
O3⋯H3vi 2.424 (15)C27⋯H3A 2.459 (17)
O3⋯H29B v 2.637 (15)C29⋯H182.768 (15)
O3⋯H29A 2.300 (14)H1⋯H52.48 (2)
O4⋯H3A 1.901 (18)H2⋯H13A 2.26 (2)
O4⋯H24B iv 2.761 (14)H2⋯H13B ii 2.51 (2)
O4⋯H52.456 (15)H3A⋯H212.39 (2)
O4⋯H28C vi 2.48H8B⋯H102.40 (2)
N1⋯H24A iv 2.775 (15)H10⋯H12A 2.50 (2)
N1⋯H15A 2.858 (17)H12A⋯H14A x 2.49 (2)
N2⋯H13A ii 2.828 (16)H13B⋯H32A ix 2.54 (2)
N2⋯H15A 2.704 (16)H13B⋯H15B 2.57 (2)
N3⋯H31B 2.915 (17)H14A⋯H16A 2.52 (2)
N4⋯H31B 2.705 (17)H15B⋯H32A ix 2.54 (2)
C1⋯H8A 2.669 (16)H18⋯H29B 2.21 (2)
C1⋯H14A 2.818 (15)H24A⋯H262.34 (2)
C2⋯H13A 2.790 (16)H26⋯H28A 2.33
C2⋯H30A vii 2.970 (14)H28B⋯H32C vi 2.50
C3⋯H12A viii 2.833 (19)H29A⋯H31A 2.54 (2)
C3⋯H30A vii 2.852 (15)H29A⋯H32B xi 2.58 (2)
C6⋯H8A 2.652 (15)H30A⋯H32B 2.50 (2)
C9⋯H13A ii 2.828 (17)H31A⋯H31A xi 2.55 (2)
C10⋯H20i 2.871 (15)H31A⋯H32B xi 2.57 (2)
C11⋯H12.424 (17)H32C⋯H28B vi 2.50

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) ; (v) ; (vi) ; (vii) ; (viii) ; (ix) ; (x) ; (xi) .

Figure 7

Hirshfeld surface representations of d norm for (a) H⋯H, (b) H⋯C/C⋯H and (c) H⋯O/O⋯H inter­actions.

The Hirshfeld surface analysis confirms the importance of H-atom contacts in establishing the packing. The large number of H⋯H, H⋯C/C⋯H and H⋯O/O⋯H inter­actions suggest that van der Waals inter­actions and hydrogen bonding play the major roles in the crystal packing (Hathwar et al., 2015 ▸).

Synthesis and crystallization

To a solution of (Z)-4-(2-oxo­propyl­idene)-4,5-di­hydro-1H-benzo[b][1,5]diazepin-2(3H)-one (2.38 mmol) in 15 ml of di­chloro­methane were added 1.5 eq of 1-bromo­butane, (3.57 mmol) of potassium hydroxide dissolved in water and 0.23 mmol of tetra-n-butyl ammonium bromide (BTBA). The mixture was kept under magnetic stirring at room temperature for 48 h. A little water was added and then the organic phase was extracted. The mixture obtained was chromatographed on a column of silica gel (eluent hexa­ne/ethyl acetate 8/2) to give three products. The title compound was isolated as the major product in a yield of 77%.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 3 ▸. H atoms attached to C28 did not give a satisfactory geometry so they were positioned geometrically with C—H = 0.98 Å, and refined as riding with U iso(H) = 1.5U eq(C). The remaining H atoms were located in a difference-Fourier map and were freely refined. The crystal studied was twinned.
Table 3

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaC16H20N2O2
M r 272.34
Crystal system, space groupTriclinic, P
Temperature (K)100
a, b, c (Å)9.1132 (6), 12.6676 (9), 12.8164 (9)
α, β, γ (°)91.344 (1), 99.537 (1), 96.340 (1)
V3)1448.87 (17)
Z 4
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.08
Crystal size (mm)0.34 × 0.29 × 0.25
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker SMART APEX CCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (TWINABS; Sheldrick, 2009)
T min, T max 0.97, 0.98
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections51542, 51542, 40020
R int 0.029
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.696
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.045, 0.133, 1.08
No. of reflections51542
No. of parameters511
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.41, −0.32

Computer programs: APEX3 and SAINT (Bruker, 2016 ▸), SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸), SHELXL2018 (Sheldrick, 2015b ▸), DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2012 ▸) and SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, global. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014779/xu5946sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014779/xu5946Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014779/xu5946Isup3.cdx Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014779/xu5946Isup4.cml CCDC reference: 1874203 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C16H20N2O2Z = 4
Mr = 272.34F(000) = 584
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.249 Mg m3
a = 9.1132 (6) ÅMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
b = 12.6676 (9) ÅCell parameters from 9901 reflections
c = 12.8164 (9) Åθ = 2.2–29.6°
α = 91.344 (1)°µ = 0.08 mm1
β = 99.537 (1)°T = 100 K
γ = 96.340 (1)°Block, colourless
V = 1448.87 (17) Å30.34 × 0.28 × 0.25 mm
Bruker SMART APEX CCD diffractometer51542 independent reflections
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube40020 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.029
Detector resolution: 8.3333 pixels mm-1θmax = 29.7°, θmin = 1.6°
φ and ω scansh = −12→12
Absorption correction: multi-scan (TWINABS; Sheldrick, 2009)k = −17→17
Tmin = 0.97, Tmax = 0.98l = −17→17
51542 measured reflections
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.045Hydrogen site location: mixed
wR(F2) = 0.133H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
S = 1.08w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0752P)2 + 0.0382P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
51542 reflections(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
511 parametersΔρmax = 0.41 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = −0.32 e Å3
Experimental. The diffraction data were obtained from 3 sets of 400 frames, each of width 0.5° in ω, colllected at φ = 0.00, 90.00 and 180.00° and 2 sets of 800 frames, each of width 0.45° in φ, collected at ω = –30.00 and 210.00°. The scan time was 20 sec/frame. Analysis of 641 reflections having I/σ(I) > 13 and chosen from the full data set with CELL_NOW (Sheldrick, 2008) showed the crystal to belong to the triclinic system and to be twinned by a 180° rotation about the reciprocal axis [111]. The raw data were processed using the multi-component version of SAINT under control of the two-component orientation file generated by CELL_NOW.
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. Refined as a 2-component twin. Individual refinement of the H-atoms attached to C28 did not give a satisfactory geometry so these were included as riding contributions in idealized positions.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
O10.72177 (11)0.04051 (8)0.54430 (7)0.0238 (2)
O20.56968 (10)0.43831 (7)0.35257 (7)0.0215 (2)
N10.72935 (12)0.28280 (9)0.33604 (8)0.0158 (2)
H10.7127 (18)0.3534 (13)0.3296 (12)0.032 (4)*
N20.89478 (12)0.13227 (8)0.46108 (8)0.0165 (2)
C10.93805 (14)0.17354 (10)0.36609 (9)0.0157 (3)
C21.06770 (15)0.14365 (11)0.33411 (10)0.0185 (3)
H21.1192 (17)0.0914 (12)0.3745 (11)0.023 (4)*
C31.11875 (15)0.18668 (11)0.24671 (11)0.0204 (3)
H31.2087 (17)0.1646 (11)0.2263 (11)0.023 (4)*
C41.04086 (15)0.26135 (11)0.18968 (11)0.0208 (3)
H41.0748 (17)0.2907 (12)0.1285 (12)0.023 (4)*
C50.91218 (15)0.29138 (11)0.21946 (10)0.0185 (3)
H50.8544 (18)0.3453 (12)0.1809 (12)0.026 (4)*
C60.85894 (14)0.24746 (10)0.30730 (9)0.0155 (3)
C70.61586 (14)0.22068 (10)0.36742 (9)0.0151 (3)
C80.63211 (15)0.10416 (10)0.37404 (10)0.0178 (3)
H8A0.6596 (17)0.0781 (12)0.3060 (11)0.023 (4)*
H8B0.5373 (17)0.0641 (12)0.3867 (11)0.023 (4)*
C90.75241 (15)0.08784 (10)0.46686 (10)0.0169 (3)
C100.49225 (14)0.26264 (10)0.39233 (9)0.0162 (3)
H100.4120 (17)0.2170 (12)0.4145 (11)0.023 (4)*
C110.47391 (14)0.37296 (10)0.38320 (9)0.0171 (3)
C120.33482 (16)0.41213 (12)0.41142 (12)0.0235 (3)
H12A0.243 (2)0.3606 (15)0.3887 (14)0.046 (5)*
H12B0.321 (2)0.4819 (14)0.3787 (13)0.038 (5)*
H12C0.348 (2)0.4220 (14)0.4879 (14)0.045 (5)*
C131.01107 (16)0.13553 (11)0.55643 (10)0.0214 (3)
H13A1.086 (2)0.0890 (13)0.5451 (13)0.038 (5)*
H13B0.9588 (16)0.1036 (11)0.6123 (11)0.019 (4)*
C141.08024 (16)0.24803 (11)0.59066 (11)0.0214 (3)
H14A1.1376 (17)0.2780 (12)0.5385 (11)0.023 (4)*
H14B1.1531 (19)0.2442 (12)0.6570 (13)0.031 (4)*
C150.96927 (17)0.32465 (11)0.60967 (12)0.0246 (3)
H15A0.899 (2)0.3314 (13)0.5431 (13)0.038 (5)*
H15B0.9065 (19)0.2921 (13)0.6622 (13)0.036 (4)*
C161.0457 (2)0.43481 (13)0.64748 (14)0.0331 (4)
H16A1.109 (2)0.4651 (14)0.5958 (14)0.045 (5)*
H16B1.113 (2)0.4355 (15)0.7181 (15)0.051 (5)*
H16C0.973 (2)0.4854 (15)0.6559 (13)0.044 (5)*
O30.58897 (11)0.87290 (7)−0.13509 (7)0.0202 (2)
O40.79438 (11)0.48603 (7)0.05767 (7)0.0237 (2)
N30.63297 (12)0.64210 (9)0.08256 (8)0.0159 (2)
H3A0.690 (2)0.5925 (14)0.1094 (13)0.035 (5)*
N40.58830 (12)0.86428 (8)0.04194 (8)0.0145 (2)
C170.54349 (14)0.81037 (10)0.13050 (9)0.0148 (3)
C180.47824 (15)0.86709 (11)0.20216 (10)0.0182 (3)
H180.4569 (16)0.9382 (12)0.1862 (11)0.020 (4)*
C190.44752 (16)0.82329 (11)0.29503 (10)0.0218 (3)
H190.4001 (18)0.8658 (12)0.3443 (12)0.028 (4)*
C200.48108 (16)0.72094 (11)0.31750 (10)0.0216 (3)
H200.4601 (18)0.6882 (12)0.3839 (12)0.028 (4)*
C210.54102 (15)0.66222 (11)0.24625 (10)0.0189 (3)
H210.5639 (17)0.5889 (12)0.2591 (11)0.025 (4)*
C220.57102 (14)0.70569 (10)0.15174 (9)0.0152 (3)
C230.59693 (14)0.63618 (10)−0.02420 (9)0.0157 (3)
C240.48707 (15)0.70842 (10)−0.07315 (10)0.0169 (3)
H24A0.4620 (17)0.6921 (11)−0.1483 (12)0.022 (4)*
H24B0.3985 (17)0.7000 (11)−0.0395 (11)0.018 (4)*
C250.55790 (13)0.82264 (10)−0.05945 (10)0.0152 (3)
C260.65922 (15)0.56812 (10)−0.08471 (10)0.0180 (3)
H260.6285 (17)0.5668 (11)−0.1622 (11)0.020 (4)*
C270.76044 (14)0.49577 (10)−0.03993 (11)0.0198 (3)
C280.82882 (17)0.42914 (12)−0.11377 (12)0.0292 (3)
H28A0.7731930.430696−0.1859290.044*
H28B0.8241510.355681−0.0910770.044*
H28C0.9335850.457712−0.1123210.044*
C290.68172 (15)0.96788 (10)0.06506 (11)0.0178 (3)
H29A0.6920 (15)0.9984 (11)−0.0031 (11)0.013 (3)*
H29B0.6320 (16)1.0178 (11)0.1058 (11)0.018 (4)*
C300.83516 (15)0.95516 (11)0.12782 (11)0.0189 (3)
H30A0.8940 (17)1.0277 (12)0.1407 (11)0.025 (4)*
H30B0.8225 (17)0.9296 (11)0.2017 (11)0.021 (4)*
C310.92392 (15)0.88366 (11)0.07175 (12)0.0223 (3)
H31A0.9269 (17)0.9081 (12)−0.0022 (12)0.026 (4)*
H31B0.8703 (18)0.8104 (13)0.0616 (12)0.028 (4)*
C321.08216 (17)0.87977 (14)0.13147 (14)0.0300 (3)
H32A1.080 (2)0.8497 (14)0.2012 (15)0.045 (5)*
H32B1.1370 (19)0.9530 (14)0.1406 (12)0.034 (4)*
H32C1.1392 (19)0.8371 (13)0.0902 (13)0.038 (5)*
U11U22U33U12U13U23
O10.0278 (5)0.0238 (5)0.0237 (5)0.0096 (4)0.0103 (4)0.0092 (4)
O20.0236 (5)0.0172 (5)0.0250 (5)0.0042 (4)0.0056 (4)0.0058 (4)
N10.0169 (5)0.0140 (5)0.0174 (5)0.0042 (4)0.0037 (4)0.0030 (4)
N20.0200 (6)0.0153 (5)0.0140 (5)0.0031 (4)0.0011 (4)0.0020 (4)
C10.0178 (6)0.0144 (6)0.0138 (6)0.0003 (5)0.0010 (5)−0.0004 (5)
C20.0174 (6)0.0151 (6)0.0219 (7)0.0024 (5)−0.0002 (5)−0.0013 (5)
C30.0162 (6)0.0208 (7)0.0239 (7)−0.0001 (5)0.0044 (5)−0.0056 (5)
C40.0212 (7)0.0220 (7)0.0184 (6)−0.0035 (5)0.0050 (5)−0.0009 (5)
C50.0199 (6)0.0176 (7)0.0168 (6)0.0005 (5)0.0006 (5)0.0014 (5)
C60.0152 (6)0.0149 (6)0.0159 (6)0.0013 (5)0.0019 (5)−0.0015 (5)
C70.0176 (6)0.0156 (6)0.0112 (5)0.0020 (5)−0.0006 (5)0.0010 (5)
C80.0192 (6)0.0150 (6)0.0192 (6)0.0015 (5)0.0036 (5)0.0008 (5)
C90.0220 (7)0.0123 (6)0.0181 (6)0.0065 (5)0.0056 (5)0.0006 (5)
C100.0164 (6)0.0167 (6)0.0150 (6)0.0015 (5)0.0015 (5)0.0014 (5)
C110.0192 (6)0.0196 (7)0.0123 (6)0.0040 (5)0.0007 (5)0.0009 (5)
C120.0220 (7)0.0217 (7)0.0282 (8)0.0067 (6)0.0061 (6)−0.0003 (6)
C130.0241 (7)0.0225 (7)0.0169 (6)0.0073 (6)−0.0019 (6)0.0028 (5)
C140.0189 (7)0.0242 (7)0.0198 (7)0.0021 (5)−0.0001 (6)−0.0001 (5)
C150.0246 (7)0.0225 (7)0.0254 (7)0.0026 (6)0.0013 (6)−0.0023 (6)
C160.0341 (9)0.0256 (8)0.0373 (9)0.0006 (7)0.0024 (8)−0.0083 (7)
O30.0272 (5)0.0192 (5)0.0164 (4)0.0063 (4)0.0071 (4)0.0050 (4)
O40.0235 (5)0.0206 (5)0.0277 (5)0.0055 (4)0.0039 (4)0.0050 (4)
N30.0187 (5)0.0137 (5)0.0155 (5)0.0040 (4)0.0016 (4)0.0022 (4)
N40.0161 (5)0.0137 (5)0.0139 (5)0.0013 (4)0.0028 (4)0.0030 (4)
C170.0141 (6)0.0161 (6)0.0134 (6)−0.0004 (5)0.0014 (5)0.0028 (5)
C180.0182 (6)0.0169 (7)0.0192 (6)0.0017 (5)0.0028 (5)0.0006 (5)
C190.0222 (7)0.0262 (8)0.0172 (6)0.0012 (6)0.0059 (6)−0.0024 (5)
C200.0236 (7)0.0259 (7)0.0141 (6)−0.0027 (6)0.0032 (5)0.0031 (5)
C210.0204 (7)0.0178 (7)0.0165 (6)−0.0013 (5)−0.0005 (5)0.0032 (5)
C220.0134 (6)0.0164 (6)0.0145 (6)0.0001 (5)0.0003 (5)0.0002 (5)
C230.0157 (6)0.0131 (6)0.0171 (6)−0.0018 (5)0.0014 (5)0.0025 (5)
C240.0171 (6)0.0178 (7)0.0148 (6)0.0017 (5)−0.0002 (5)0.0008 (5)
C250.0136 (6)0.0162 (6)0.0168 (6)0.0060 (5)0.0023 (5)0.0027 (5)
C260.0196 (6)0.0165 (6)0.0174 (6)−0.0010 (5)0.0034 (5)0.0003 (5)
C270.0159 (6)0.0154 (6)0.0271 (7)−0.0025 (5)0.0043 (5)−0.0005 (5)
C280.0256 (7)0.0271 (8)0.0362 (8)0.0070 (6)0.0071 (6)−0.0053 (6)
C290.0202 (6)0.0132 (6)0.0206 (6)0.0013 (5)0.0056 (5)0.0016 (5)
C300.0185 (6)0.0180 (7)0.0191 (6)−0.0017 (5)0.0024 (5)0.0002 (5)
C310.0185 (7)0.0195 (7)0.0289 (8)0.0015 (5)0.0047 (6)0.0005 (6)
C320.0204 (7)0.0333 (9)0.0368 (9)0.0054 (7)0.0036 (7)0.0089 (7)
O1—C91.2269 (14)O3—C251.2271 (14)
O2—C111.2532 (15)O4—C271.2503 (16)
N1—C71.3504 (16)N3—C231.3515 (16)
N1—C61.4086 (15)N3—C221.4095 (15)
N1—H10.927 (17)N3—H3A0.898 (17)
N2—C91.3704 (16)N4—C251.3637 (15)
N2—C11.4333 (15)N4—C171.4316 (14)
N2—C131.4755 (17)N4—C291.4786 (16)
C1—C21.3998 (17)C17—C181.3993 (17)
C1—C61.4023 (18)C17—C221.4011 (17)
C2—C31.3833 (18)C18—C191.3820 (18)
C2—H20.964 (15)C18—H180.961 (14)
C3—C41.3935 (19)C19—C201.3905 (19)
C3—H30.968 (15)C19—H191.001 (15)
C4—C51.3804 (18)C20—C211.3816 (18)
C4—H40.958 (14)C20—H200.993 (14)
C5—C61.4012 (17)C21—C221.3974 (16)
C5—H50.998 (16)C21—H210.986 (15)
C7—C101.3772 (17)C23—C261.3746 (17)
C7—C81.5025 (17)C23—C241.5014 (17)
C8—C91.5131 (19)C24—C251.5118 (18)
C8—H8A1.005 (14)C24—H24A0.964 (15)
C8—H8B0.992 (15)C24—H24B0.974 (14)
C10—C111.4309 (17)C26—C271.4339 (18)
C10—H100.966 (15)C26—H260.986 (14)
C11—C121.5054 (18)C27—C281.5068 (18)
C12—H12A0.999 (19)C28—H28A0.9800
C12—H12B0.999 (17)C28—H28B0.9800
C12—H12C0.971 (18)C28—H28C0.9800
C13—C141.5170 (19)C29—C301.5203 (19)
C13—H13A0.979 (17)C29—H29A0.977 (13)
C13—H13B0.993 (13)C29—H29B1.002 (14)
C14—C151.5204 (19)C30—C311.5215 (18)
C14—H14A0.974 (14)C30—H30A1.007 (16)
C14—H14B0.994 (17)C30—H30B1.028 (14)
C15—C161.520 (2)C31—C321.523 (2)
C15—H15A0.990 (18)C31—H31A1.008 (14)
C15—H15B1.020 (16)C31—H31B0.995 (16)
C16—H16A1.005 (18)C32—H32A0.982 (17)
C16—H16B1.00 (2)C32—H32B0.998 (18)
C16—H16C0.986 (19)C32—H32C0.990 (17)
O1···H19i2.328 (16)C11···H26iv2.976 (14)
O1···H13Aii2.878 (18)C13···H22.746 (15)
O1···H2ii2.468 (15)C17···H24B2.635 (14)
O1···H13B2.242 (15)C17···H30B2.810 (15)
O1···H8Biii2.858 (15)C18···H29B2.688 (14)
O2···H212.277 (15)C21···H14Bix2.961 (17)
O2···H12Ci2.627 (18)C21···H28Aiv2.94
O2···H11.834 (17)C22···H24B2.679 (14)
O2···H26iv2.780 (14)C25···H29Bv2.815 (14)
O3···H18v2.556 (15)C26···H4vi2.988 (16)
O3···H3vi2.424 (15)C27···H3A2.459 (17)
O3···H29Bv2.637 (15)C29···H182.768 (15)
O3···H29A2.300 (14)H1···H52.48 (2)
O4···H3A1.901 (18)H2···H13A2.26 (2)
O4···H24Biv2.761 (14)H2···H13Bii2.51 (2)
O4···H52.456 (15)H3A···H212.39 (2)
O4···H28Cvi2.48H8B···H102.40 (2)
N1···H24Aiv2.775 (15)H10···H12A2.50 (2)
N1···H15A2.858 (17)H12A···H14Ax2.49 (2)
N2···H13Aii2.828 (16)H13B···H32Aix2.54 (2)
N2···H15A2.704 (16)H13B···H15B2.57 (2)
N3···H31B2.915 (17)H14A···H16A2.52 (2)
N4···H31B2.705 (17)H15B···H32Aix2.54 (2)
C1···H8A2.669 (16)H18···H29B2.21 (2)
C1···H14A2.818 (15)H24A···H262.34 (2)
C2···H13A2.790 (16)H26···H28A2.33
C2···H30Avii2.970 (14)H28B···H32Cvi2.50
C3···H12Aviii2.833 (19)H29A···H31A2.54 (2)
C3···H30Avii2.852 (15)H29A···H32Bxi2.58 (2)
C6···H8A2.652 (15)H30A···H32B2.50 (2)
C9···H13Aii2.828 (17)H31A···H31Axi2.55 (2)
C10···H20i2.871 (15)H31A···H32Bxi2.57 (2)
C11···H12.424 (17)H32C···H28Bvi2.50
C7—N1—C6125.71 (11)C23—N3—C22125.86 (11)
C7—N1—H1113.8 (10)C23—N3—H3A114.1 (10)
C6—N1—H1120.3 (10)C22—N3—H3A119.2 (10)
C9—N2—C1123.36 (10)C25—N4—C17123.89 (10)
C9—N2—C13118.67 (10)C25—N4—C29119.17 (10)
C1—N2—C13117.95 (10)C17—N4—C29116.80 (10)
C2—C1—C6118.91 (11)C18—C17—C22118.86 (11)
C2—C1—N2119.06 (11)C18—C17—N4118.36 (11)
C6—C1—N2121.94 (10)C22—C17—N4122.65 (10)
C3—C2—C1120.99 (12)C19—C18—C17121.09 (12)
C3—C2—H2121.3 (8)C19—C18—H18120.4 (8)
C1—C2—H2117.7 (8)C17—C18—H18118.5 (8)
C2—C3—C4119.77 (12)C18—C19—C20119.57 (12)
C2—C3—H3119.3 (8)C18—C19—H19119.0 (8)
C4—C3—H3121.0 (8)C20—C19—H19121.4 (8)
C5—C4—C3120.16 (12)C21—C20—C19120.30 (12)
C5—C4—H4119.6 (9)C21—C20—H20118.9 (9)
C3—C4—H4120.2 (9)C19—C20—H20120.7 (9)
C4—C5—C6120.43 (13)C20—C21—C22120.39 (13)
C4—C5—H5122.2 (8)C20—C21—H21122.3 (8)
C6—C5—H5117.4 (8)C22—C21—H21117.3 (8)
C5—C6—C1119.73 (11)C21—C22—C17119.69 (11)
C5—C6—N1118.21 (11)C21—C22—N3117.74 (11)
C1—C6—N1122.02 (11)C17—C22—N3122.54 (11)
N1—C7—C10121.39 (11)N3—C23—C26121.48 (12)
N1—C7—C8116.55 (11)N3—C23—C24116.67 (11)
C10—C7—C8122.07 (11)C26—C23—C24121.85 (11)
C7—C8—C9109.20 (11)C23—C24—C25109.99 (10)
C7—C8—H8A108.7 (8)C23—C24—H24A109.3 (9)
C9—C8—H8A110.6 (9)C25—C24—H24A106.8 (9)
C7—C8—H8B110.3 (9)C23—C24—H24B109.5 (8)
C9—C8—H8B107.5 (8)C25—C24—H24B109.8 (8)
H8A—C8—H8B110.5 (12)H24A—C24—H24B111.4 (13)
O1—C9—N2122.40 (12)O3—C25—N4122.76 (11)
O1—C9—C8121.18 (11)O3—C25—C24121.48 (11)
N2—C9—C8116.38 (11)N4—C25—C24115.73 (10)
C7—C10—C11122.38 (12)C23—C26—C27123.00 (12)
C7—C10—H10120.3 (9)C23—C26—H26118.0 (8)
C11—C10—H10117.3 (9)C27—C26—H26118.9 (8)
O2—C11—C10122.32 (11)O4—C27—C26122.69 (11)
O2—C11—C12118.72 (12)O4—C27—C28118.82 (12)
C10—C11—C12118.95 (12)C26—C27—C28118.50 (12)
C11—C12—H12A112.7 (10)C27—C28—H28A109.5
C11—C12—H12B109.2 (10)C27—C28—H28B109.5
H12A—C12—H12B110.0 (15)H28A—C28—H28B109.5
C11—C12—H12C108.3 (11)C27—C28—H28C109.5
H12A—C12—H12C107.4 (14)H28A—C28—H28C109.5
H12B—C12—H12C109.1 (15)H28B—C28—H28C109.5
N2—C13—C14112.25 (11)N4—C29—C30111.51 (10)
N2—C13—H13A110.0 (10)N4—C29—H29A106.9 (8)
C14—C13—H13A112.2 (10)C30—C29—H29A110.2 (8)
N2—C13—H13B105.2 (8)N4—C29—H29B111.1 (8)
C14—C13—H13B110.1 (8)C30—C29—H29B108.8 (8)
H13A—C13—H13B106.6 (12)H29A—C29—H29B108.2 (11)
C13—C14—C15114.98 (12)C29—C30—C31113.61 (11)
C13—C14—H14A110.6 (9)C29—C30—H30A108.1 (9)
C15—C14—H14A107.9 (9)C31—C30—H30A108.5 (8)
C13—C14—H14B107.6 (9)C29—C30—H30B108.9 (8)
C15—C14—H14B109.0 (9)C31—C30—H30B112.1 (8)
H14A—C14—H14B106.4 (13)H30A—C30—H30B105.2 (11)
C16—C15—C14112.47 (13)C30—C31—C32112.70 (13)
C16—C15—H15A108.2 (10)C30—C31—H31A109.6 (8)
C14—C15—H15A109.5 (10)C32—C31—H31A110.4 (9)
C16—C15—H15B111.8 (9)C30—C31—H31B109.8 (9)
C14—C15—H15B108.1 (9)C32—C31—H31B109.4 (9)
H15A—C15—H15B106.6 (14)H31A—C31—H31B104.6 (12)
C15—C16—H16A111.0 (11)C31—C32—H32A110.7 (11)
C15—C16—H16B113.0 (11)C31—C32—H32B109.7 (10)
H16A—C16—H16B107.2 (16)H32A—C32—H32B109.6 (14)
C15—C16—H16C112.3 (11)C31—C32—H32C110.6 (10)
H16A—C16—H16C107.2 (14)H32A—C32—H32C109.8 (14)
H16B—C16—H16C105.7 (14)H32B—C32—H32C106.4 (13)
C9—N2—C1—C2−131.39 (13)C25—N4—C17—C18−133.96 (13)
C13—N2—C1—C246.95 (15)C29—N4—C17—C1850.34 (15)
C9—N2—C1—C652.13 (16)C25—N4—C17—C2250.23 (17)
C13—N2—C1—C6−129.53 (13)C29—N4—C17—C22−125.47 (13)
C6—C1—C2—C30.67 (19)C22—C17—C18—C193.05 (19)
N2—C1—C2—C3−175.92 (11)N4—C17—C18—C19−172.93 (12)
C1—C2—C3—C40.34 (19)C17—C18—C19—C20−0.4 (2)
C2—C3—C4—C5−0.78 (19)C18—C19—C20—C21−1.7 (2)
C3—C4—C5—C60.20 (19)C19—C20—C21—C221.1 (2)
C4—C5—C6—C10.82 (19)C20—C21—C22—C171.57 (19)
C4—C5—C6—N1178.38 (12)C20—C21—C22—N3179.63 (12)
C2—C1—C6—C5−1.24 (18)C18—C17—C22—C21−3.61 (18)
N2—C1—C6—C5175.25 (11)N4—C17—C22—C21172.18 (11)
C2—C1—C6—N1−178.70 (11)C18—C17—C22—N3178.43 (12)
N2—C1—C6—N1−2.21 (18)N4—C17—C22—N3−5.78 (19)
C7—N1—C6—C5138.62 (13)C23—N3—C22—C21140.48 (13)
C7—N1—C6—C1−43.88 (18)C23—N3—C22—C17−41.51 (19)
C6—N1—C7—C10−178.93 (12)C22—N3—C23—C26−177.17 (12)
C6—N1—C7—C81.32 (18)C22—N3—C23—C243.50 (18)
N1—C7—C8—C970.83 (13)N3—C23—C24—C2569.03 (14)
C10—C7—C8—C9−108.91 (13)C26—C23—C24—C25−110.29 (13)
C1—N2—C9—O1170.18 (11)C17—N4—C25—O3175.20 (11)
C13—N2—C9—O1−8.15 (17)C29—N4—C25—O3−9.19 (17)
C1—N2—C9—C8−12.36 (16)C17—N4—C25—C24−6.60 (16)
C13—N2—C9—C8169.31 (10)C29—N4—C25—C24169.00 (10)
C7—C8—C9—O1113.48 (13)C23—C24—C25—O3110.58 (13)
C7—C8—C9—N2−64.01 (13)C23—C24—C25—N4−67.64 (13)
N1—C7—C10—C112.17 (19)N3—C23—C26—C272.88 (19)
C8—C7—C10—C11−178.09 (11)C24—C23—C26—C27−177.82 (11)
C7—C10—C11—O2−0.45 (19)C23—C26—C27—O43.2 (2)
C7—C10—C11—C12179.61 (12)C23—C26—C27—C28−176.60 (12)
C9—N2—C13—C14−121.28 (12)C25—N4—C29—C30−109.33 (12)
C1—N2—C13—C1460.30 (14)C17—N4—C29—C3066.58 (13)
N2—C13—C14—C1555.44 (16)N4—C29—C30—C3159.09 (14)
C13—C14—C15—C16177.96 (13)C29—C30—C31—C32174.97 (12)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
N1—H1···O20.927 (17)1.834 (17)2.5998 (14)138.2 (13)
N3—H3A···O40.898 (17)1.901 (17)2.6349 (14)137.6 (14)
C2—H2···O1ii0.964 (15)2.469 (16)3.4235 (17)170.6 (11)
C3—H3···O3vi0.968 (15)2.420 (17)3.3714 (16)166.0 (11)
C5—H5···O40.998 (16)2.456 (15)3.4086 (17)159.3 (11)
C18—H18···O3v0.961 (14)2.556 (15)3.5165 (16)176.4 (11)
C19—H19···O1i1.001 (15)2.330 (15)3.3273 (15)177.0 (12)
C21—H21···O20.986 (15)2.277 (15)3.1933 (16)154.1 (11)
C28—H28C···O4vi0.982.483.4342 (18)164
C12—H12A···Cg1x0.999 (19)2.921 (19)3.9047 (16)167.8 (13)
C30—H30A···Cg1xii1.007 (16)2.903 (15)3.8016 (15)149.0 (11)
  10 in total

1.  Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surfaces and DFT computation of NLO active (2E)-2-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-[(1-methoxy-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)amino] prop-2-enoic acid.

Authors:  Perumal Venkatesan; Subbiah Thamotharan; Andivelu Ilangovan; Hongze Liang; Tom Sundius
Journal:  Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc       Date:  2015-09-06       Impact factor: 4.098

2.  Towards quantitative analysis of intermolecular interactions with Hirshfeld surfaces.

Authors:  Joshua J McKinnon; Dylan Jayatilaka; Mark A Spackman
Journal:  Chem Commun (Camb)       Date:  2007-10-07       Impact factor: 6.222

3.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

4.  1,5-Benzodiazepines. Part XII. Synthesis and biological evaluation of tricyclic and tetracyclic 1,5-benzodiazepine derivatives as nevirapine analogues.

Authors:  M Di Braccio; G Grossi; G Roma; L Vargiu; M Mura; M E Marongiu
Journal:  Eur J Med Chem       Date:  2001 Nov-Dec       Impact factor: 6.514

5.  1,4-Benzodiazepine derivatives as anticonvulsant agents in DBA/2 mice.

Authors:  G De Sarro; R Gitto; M Rizzo; M Zappia; A De Sarro
Journal:  Gen Pharmacol       Date:  1996-09

6.  Hypnotic effects of a benzodiazepine derivative: a clinical observation.

Authors:  Y Kudo
Journal:  Int Pharmacopsychiatry       Date:  1982

7.  Solid-phase synthesis of new pyrrolobenzodiazepine-chalcone conjugates: DNA-binding affinity and anticancer activity.

Authors:  Ahmed Kamal; N Shankaraiah; S Prabhakar; Ch Ratna Reddy; N Markandeya; K Laxma Reddy; V Devaiah
Journal:  Bioorg Med Chem Lett       Date:  2008-03-05       Impact factor: 2.823

8.  SHELXT - integrated space-group and crystal-structure determination.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 2.290

9.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

10.  Quantitative analysis of intermolecular interactions in orthorhombic rubrene.

Authors:  Venkatesha R Hathwar; Mattia Sist; Mads R V Jørgensen; Aref H Mamakhel; Xiaoping Wang; Christina M Hoffmann; Kunihisa Sugimoto; Jacob Overgaard; Bo Brummerstedt Iversen
Journal:  IUCrJ       Date:  2015-08-14       Impact factor: 4.769

  10 in total

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