Literature DB >> 30443394

The methanol sesquisolvate of sodium naproxen.

Helene Kriegner1, Matthias Weil1, Matthew J Jones2.   

Abstract

The asymmetric unit of the methanol solvate of sodium naproxen, systematic name: sodium (2S)-2-(6-meth-oxy-naphthalen-2-yl)propano-ate methanol sesquisolvate, Na+·C14H13O3 -·1.5CH3OH, comprises two formula units of the mol-ecular salt and three methanol mol-ecules. One of the sodium cations exhibits a coordination number of six and is bonded to three carboxyl-ate O atoms and three methanol OH groups whereas the second sodium cation has a coordination number of seven, defined by five carboxyl-ate O atoms and two methanol OH groups. Both coordination polyhedra around the sodium cations are considerably distorted. The two types of cations are bridged into polymeric chains extending parallel to [010]. This arrangement is stabilized by intrachain O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds between methanol ligands as donor and carboxyl-ate O atoms as acceptor groups. The hydro-phobic 6-meth-oxy-naphthyl moieties flank the hydro-philic sodium oxygen chains into ribbons parallel to [010]. There are no noticeable inter-molecular inter-actions between these ribbons. One of the 6-meth-oxy-naphthyl moieties is disordered over two sets of sites in a 0.723 (3):0.277 (3) ratio.

Entities:  

Keywords:  crystal structure; disorder; methanol solvate; naproxen; solvatomorphism

Year:  2018        PMID: 30443394      PMCID: PMC6218915          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014652

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

Naproxen, or (S)-2-(6-meth­oxy­naphthalen-2-yl)propanoic acid, and in particular its better soluble sodium salt are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with pain-relieving and anti­pyretic properties. For a recent project on the crystallization of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs; Kovačič et al., 2012 ▸), we used sodium naproxen as a model substance. During these investigations, we obtained the methanol sesquisolvate as a solvatomorph of sodium naproxen, [Na(C14H13O3)]·1.5CH3OH. Although a preliminary structure model of this compound has been reported as part of a PhD thesis (Chavez, 2009 ▸), it was never published or deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database (Groom et al., 2016 ▸). We report here the precise crystal structure determination of [Na(C14H13O3)]·1.5CH3OH, (I), including disorder of one 6-meth­oxy­naphthyl moiety that was not modelled in the preliminary study (Chavez, 2009 ▸).

Structural commentary

The asymmetric unit of (I) is displayed in Fig. 1 ▸ and comprises two Na+ cations, two naproxate anions (one of which shows disorder of the 6-meth­oxy­naphthyl moiety) and three methanol mol­ecules (Z′ = 2). Na1 is bound to six oxygen atoms, three of them originating from methanol OH groups and three from monodentate carboxyl­ate groups (O2; O5; O4i; for symmetry codes, see: Table 1 ▸). The Na1—O bond lengths are not uniformly distributed, revealing a distorted [5 + 1] coordination with five shorter bonds between 2.2355 (14) and 2.4403 (14) Å and one significantly longer bond of 2.856 (2) Å to the OH group of a methanol mol­ecule. In comparison, the coordination sphere of Na2 is enlarged to seven coordination partners, two of them from methanol OH groups, four from two chelating carboxyl­ate groups (O1i,O2i; O4i,O5i) and one from a monodentate carboxyl­ate group (O5). The Na2—O distances are somewhat more evenly distributed and range from 2.3418 (13) to 2.5983 (14) Å. Nevertheless, the resulting coordination polyhedron around Na2 is likewise distorted. Details of the Na—O coordination spheres are depicted in Fig. 2 ▸. The bond-valence sums (Brown, 2002 ▸) of 1.24 and 1.17 valence units for Na1 and Na2, respectively, are higher than expected and point to some strain in the structure.
Figure 1

The asymmetric unit of (I) with displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 30% probability level. The minor disordered part B of one 6-meth­oxy­naphthyl moiety is displayed with open bonds and without labelling of atoms.

Table 1

Selected bond lengths (Å)

Na1—O22.2355 (14)Na2—O1S 2.3667 (15)
Na1—O3S 2.3003 (15)Na2—O4i 2.4635 (13)
Na1—O52.3604 (13)Na2—O2S 2.4748 (14)
Na1—O2S 2.3838 (14)Na2—O1i 2.5394 (14)
Na1—O4i 2.4403 (14)Na2—O2i 2.5459 (15)
Na1—O1S ii 2.856 (2)Na2—O5i 2.5983 (14)
Na2—O52.3418 (13)  

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) .

Figure 2

Part of the crystal structure of (I) emphasizing the coordination environments of the two Na+ cations. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level. Symmetry codes refer to Table 1 ▸.

The two sodium cations are bridged by the O1S and O2S methanol OH groups and by carboxyl­ate atoms O2, O4 and O5 into zigzag chains extending parallel to [010]. The third methanol mol­ecule is terminally bound to Na1. The hydro­phobic 6-meth­oxy­naphthyl moieties flank the hydro­philic [Na—O] chains, leading to the formation of ribbons along the chain direction (Fig. 3 ▸). The meth­oxy groups attached to the naphthyl rings are twisted slightly out of the aromatic plane, with dihedral angles of 6.42 (18)° for ring (C1C10) and meth­oxy group O3–C14, and 5.2 (3)° for ring (C15A–C24A) and meth­oxy group O6A–C28A.
Figure 3

The crystal structure of (I) in a projection along [001]. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds within a ribbon are displayed in blue on the right hand side. For clarity, only the major part A of the disordered 6-meth­oxy­naphthyl moiety is shown.

Supra­molecular features

Intra­chain O—H⋯O hydrogen bonding inter­actions of medium strength [Table 2 ▸, Fig. 3 ▸(right)] between methanol mol­ecules and carboxyl­ate O atoms stabilize the arrangement within the ribbons. Oxygen atom O1, which is not a bridging atom in the [Na—O] chain and which has a comparatively long Na—O bond, is the acceptor of two hydrogen bonds.
Table 2

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
O1S—H1S⋯O4iii 0.84 (2)1.90 (2)2.6756 (18)153 (3)
O2S—H2S⋯O1iii 0.83 (2)2.06 (2)2.8331 (18)156 (3)
O3S—H3S⋯O1iii 0.79 (2)1.94 (2)2.7226 (19)172 (3)

Symmetry code: (iii) .

There are no notable inter­molecular inter­actions between adjacent ribbons involving the outer hydro­phobic parts. It seems that cohesion of the ribbons is dominated by van der Waals forces only.

Database survey

The crystal structure of naproxen, i.e. the free acid (±)2-(6-meth­oxy-2-naphth­yl)propionic acid, was reported by Ravikumar et al. (1985 ▸). A search in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD version 5.39, November 2017, update 3, May 2018; Groom et al., 2016 ▸) for the sodium salt and its hydrates revealed six entries: anhydrous sodium naproxen, [Na(C14H13O3)] (Kim et al., 2004 ▸), sodium naproxen monohydrate [Na(C14H13O3)]·H2O (Kim et al., 1990 ▸), two forms of sodium naproxen dihydrate [Na(C14H13O3)]·2H2O (Bond et al., 2014 ▸), and sodium naproxen heminona­hydrate [Na(C14H13O3)]·4.5H2O (Burgess et al., 2012 ▸) that was subsequently re­inter­preted as a disordered tetra­hydrate [Na(C14H13O3)]·4H2O (Bond et al., 2013 ▸). The structural motif of ribbons formed between sodium cations and oxygen atoms is likewise found in all anhydrous and hydrous sodium naproxen structures. Only one methanol solvate of naproxen is deposited in the CSD. However, this is an Na salt of naproxen with an additional free acid mol­ecule, viz. sodium hydrogen bis­(naproxate) methanol disolvate, [Na(C14H13O3)(C14H14O3)]·2CH3OH (Perumalla & Sun, 2012 ▸). A homologous series of alcohol solvates of sodium naproxen obtained as polycrystalline powders and without structure determinations was reported by Chavez et al. (2010 ▸). During these investigations, another methanol solvate of sodium naproxen was reported with only one methanol mol­ecule per formula unit (Chavez, 2009 ▸; Burgess et al., 2012 ▸).

Synthesis and crystallization

Crystals of sodium naproxen methanol sesquisolvate were grown by slow crystallization in methanol. Polycrystalline anhydrous sodium naproxen was dissolved in methanol to yield a solution 20% in weight of the salt. 0.5 ml of this solution were heated to 338 K and slowly cooled down to room temperature (298 K) over the course of 130 min (cooling rate 0.3 K min−1). Colourless parallelepipeds with edge lengths of up to 1 cm were obtained. A suitable fragment was broken from a larger specimen for the X-ray diffraction experiment.

Refinement details

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 3 ▸. The structure model obtained with SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸) was very similar to the preliminary model of Chavez (2009 ▸) from 173 K data using Cu K α radiation. After placing all atoms with full occupancy in the asymmetric unit, elongated displacement parameters of atoms of one of the 6-meth­oxy­naphthyl moieties and conspicuous electron density peaks in the vicinity of these atoms were found. This model converged with R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.08 and wR(F 2) = 0.23. Consideration of disorder over two sets of sites for this fragment led to more spherical atoms and much better reliability factors (Table 3 ▸). The refined occupancy ratio of the two disordered parts is 0.723 (3):0.277 (3) for major part A: minor part B. The positions of C-bound H atoms were calculated and refined using a riding model, with C—H = 0.93–0.98 Å, and with U iso(H) = 1.2U eq(C) or 1.5U eq(C) for methyl H atoms. H atoms bound to methanol O atoms were clearly discernible from difference maps. They were refined with distance restraints of 0.85±2 Å and free U iso(H) values. The absolute structure was determined on the basis of the current data set (Table 3 ▸), revealing that the usual (S) enanti­omer is present.
Table 3

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formulaNa+·C14H13O3 ·1.5CH3OH
M r 300.30
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, P21
Temperature (K)100
a, b, c (Å)12.6776 (9), 7.9675 (6), 15.1932 (11)
β (°)95.7559 (19)
V3)1526.91 (19)
Z 4
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.12
Crystal size (mm)0.45 × 0.45 × 0.35
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEXII CCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015)
T min, T max 0.675, 0.747
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections32667, 11521, 10262
R int 0.029
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.767
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.039, 0.105, 1.02
No. of reflections11521
No. of parameters508
No. of restraints4
H-atom treatmentH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.43, −0.24
Absolute structureFlack x determined using 4468 quotients [(I +)−(I )]/[(I +)+(I )] (Parsons et al., 2013)
Absolute structure parameter−0.07 (8)

Computer programs: APEX3 and SAINT (Bruker, 2017 ▸), SHELXT (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸), SHELXL2017 (Sheldrick, 2015b ▸), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2008 ▸), ATOMS (Dowty, 2006 ▸) and XP in SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▸), publCIF (Westrip, 2010 ▸).

Reflections (100) and (001) were obstructed by the beam stop and were omitted from the refinement. Lattice parameters refined from single-crystal room temperature X-ray data are a = 12.8458 (9), b = 8.0235 (6), c = 15.3012 (11) Å, β = 94.898 (2)°. Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, global. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014652/rz5244sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018014652/rz5244Isup2.hkl CCDC reference: 1873620 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
Na+·C14H13O3·1.5CH4OF(000) = 636
Mr = 300.30Dx = 1.306 Mg m3
Monoclinic, P21Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 12.6776 (9) ÅCell parameters from 9943 reflections
b = 7.9675 (6) Åθ = 2.5–38.0°
c = 15.1932 (11) ŵ = 0.12 mm1
β = 95.7559 (19)°T = 100 K
V = 1526.91 (19) Å3Block, colourless
Z = 40.45 × 0.45 × 0.35 mm
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer10262 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
ω scansRint = 0.029
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015)θmax = 33.0°, θmin = 2.2°
Tmin = 0.675, Tmax = 0.747h = −16→19
32667 measured reflectionsk = −12→12
11521 independent reflectionsl = −23→22
Refinement on F2Hydrogen site location: mixed
Least-squares matrix: fullH atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.039w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0585P)2 + 0.2474P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
wR(F2) = 0.105(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
S = 1.02Δρmax = 0.43 e Å3
11521 reflectionsΔρmin = −0.24 e Å3
508 parametersAbsolute structure: Flack x determined using 4468 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons et al., 2013)
4 restraintsAbsolute structure parameter: −0.07 (8)
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
xyzUiso*/UeqOcc. (<1)
Na10.35919 (5)0.41121 (8)0.55421 (5)0.01949 (13)
Na20.53085 (5)0.27034 (8)0.43935 (4)0.01651 (12)
O10.30172 (10)0.93243 (15)0.58392 (9)0.0234 (2)
O20.27973 (11)0.66163 (15)0.55460 (10)0.0259 (3)
O30.09118 (12)0.70972 (19)1.09131 (8)0.0282 (3)
O40.46523 (10)0.79820 (14)0.39887 (8)0.0209 (2)
O50.44988 (10)0.53419 (14)0.44218 (8)0.0194 (2)
C10.09928 (11)0.80698 (17)0.67179 (9)0.0141 (2)
C20.16031 (12)0.71291 (19)0.73342 (10)0.0167 (2)
H20.2187450.6515090.7155250.020*
C30.13817 (12)0.7053 (2)0.82309 (10)0.0177 (3)
C40.20276 (15)0.6122 (2)0.88774 (11)0.0245 (3)
H40.2597780.5467670.8703530.029*
C50.18346 (15)0.6161 (2)0.97496 (12)0.0255 (3)
H50.2272300.5534561.0174870.031*
C60.09883 (15)0.7127 (2)1.00203 (11)0.0228 (3)
C70.03229 (13)0.7995 (2)0.94124 (10)0.0205 (3)
H7−0.0258860.8608500.9596110.025*
C80.05126 (12)0.79659 (19)0.85034 (10)0.0173 (3)
C9−0.01335 (12)0.8878 (2)0.78550 (10)0.0187 (3)
H9−0.0734390.9469000.8019720.022*
C100.00991 (12)0.89198 (19)0.69887 (10)0.0171 (3)
H10−0.0349250.9531190.6564400.020*
C110.12458 (12)0.82248 (19)0.57623 (10)0.0164 (2)
H110.1043660.9384500.5557880.020*
C120.24397 (12)0.80296 (18)0.57028 (10)0.0161 (2)
C130.05919 (15)0.6995 (3)0.51580 (12)0.0306 (4)
H13A0.0778540.5841720.5336470.046*
H13B0.0742240.7171560.4544620.046*
H13C−0.0164270.7182150.5205680.046*
C140.0128 (2)0.8144 (3)1.12363 (13)0.0371 (5)
H14A0.0256400.9313401.1078140.056*
H14B0.0162010.8040601.1881310.056*
H14C−0.0576060.7799231.0972200.056*
C270.43419 (12)0.64886 (19)0.38570 (10)0.0168 (3)
C260.2643 (2)0.6973 (4)0.29275 (16)0.0477 (6)
H26A0.2758810.8188010.2907020.072*
H26B0.2288680.6692920.3452850.072*
H26C0.2197320.6619930.2395310.072*
C250.37115 (15)0.6064 (2)0.29702 (11)0.0256 (3)
H25A0.3573200.4828590.2954880.031*0.723 (3)
H25B0.3528750.4849630.3020900.031*0.277 (3)
C15A0.4275 (3)0.6512 (5)0.2181 (2)0.0216 (6)0.723 (3)
C16A0.5293 (2)0.5923 (4)0.21714 (16)0.0245 (5)0.723 (3)
H16A0.5610670.5322940.2669750.029*0.723 (3)
C17A0.5886 (2)0.6187 (3)0.14351 (18)0.0227 (5)0.723 (3)
C18A0.6929 (2)0.5558 (4)0.14182 (16)0.0274 (5)0.723 (3)
H18A0.7258460.4966070.1914470.033*0.723 (3)
C19A0.7463 (2)0.5801 (4)0.06897 (16)0.0265 (5)0.723 (3)
H19A0.8158410.5359760.0684270.032*0.723 (3)
C20A0.6998 (2)0.6698 (4)−0.00588 (19)0.0205 (5)0.723 (3)
C21A0.59938 (19)0.7341 (3)−0.00630 (14)0.0218 (5)0.723 (3)
H21A0.5685450.795556−0.0559620.026*0.723 (3)
C22A0.5413 (3)0.7079 (5)0.0688 (2)0.0212 (6)0.723 (3)
C23A0.43633 (19)0.7676 (3)0.07052 (14)0.0231 (5)0.723 (3)
H23A0.4034190.8278330.0212200.028*0.723 (3)
C24A0.3816 (2)0.7395 (3)0.14262 (16)0.0241 (5)0.723 (3)
H24A0.3110580.7802560.1419840.029*0.723 (3)
C28A0.7197 (2)0.7553 (5)−0.1545 (2)0.0315 (6)0.723 (3)
H28A0.6563660.692641−0.1775360.047*0.723 (3)
H28B0.7721610.751836−0.1976670.047*0.723 (3)
H28C0.7004490.872125−0.1439100.047*0.723 (3)
O6A0.76404 (16)0.6807 (3)−0.07288 (12)0.0237 (4)0.723 (3)
O1S0.50266 (14)0.08627 (18)0.31699 (10)0.0341 (3)
C1S0.55409 (18)0.0686 (3)0.24025 (14)0.0322 (4)
H1S10.5872600.1754090.2267160.048*
H1S20.5023880.0365870.1908010.048*
H1S30.608648−0.0184960.2494730.048*
O2S0.34838 (10)0.17528 (15)0.45724 (8)0.0205 (2)
C2S0.25390 (17)0.1708 (3)0.39960 (16)0.0391 (5)
H2S10.1959930.1281430.4314750.059*
H2S20.2635230.0968970.3494730.059*
H2S30.2366030.2842940.3778430.059*
O3S0.24271 (15)0.24954 (18)0.62435 (13)0.0412 (4)
C3S0.16678 (18)0.2742 (3)0.68361 (15)0.0337 (4)
H3S10.2021440.2859940.7436720.051*
H3S20.1186460.1777520.6813020.051*
H3S30.1262650.3763350.6674520.051*
O6B0.7222 (7)0.7340 (10)−0.1082 (7)0.050 (2)0.277 (3)
C15B0.4588 (7)0.6105 (10)0.2265 (5)0.0158 (13)0.277 (3)
C24B0.5534 (7)0.5183 (10)0.2415 (5)0.0313 (16)0.277 (3)
H24B0.5668780.4546010.2942470.038*0.277 (3)
C23B0.6268 (7)0.5193 (10)0.1806 (6)0.0365 (18)0.277 (3)
H23B0.6898930.4549860.1910460.044*0.277 (3)
C22B0.6085 (6)0.6161 (9)0.1022 (5)0.0292 (15)0.277 (3)
C21B0.6837 (7)0.6204 (10)0.0362 (6)0.0324 (17)0.277 (3)
H21B0.7471810.5564540.0437040.039*0.277 (3)
C20B0.6611 (8)0.7178 (12)−0.0363 (6)0.0355 (19)0.277 (3)
C19B0.5698 (8)0.8163 (13)−0.0498 (5)0.045 (2)0.277 (3)
H19B0.5589210.887368−0.1000390.054*0.277 (3)
C18B0.4966 (7)0.8096 (12)0.0097 (5)0.0380 (18)0.277 (3)
H18B0.4328920.872406−0.0010750.046*0.277 (3)
C16B0.4398 (6)0.7027 (8)0.1519 (4)0.0204 (11)0.277 (3)
H16B0.3753460.7638640.1423360.024*0.277 (3)
C17B0.5134 (9)0.7109 (14)0.0874 (7)0.027 (2)0.277 (3)
C28B0.7973 (8)0.6136 (14)−0.1092 (8)0.049 (2)0.277 (3)
H28D0.8540490.635146−0.0619430.073*0.277 (3)
H28E0.8265770.614705−0.1665150.073*0.277 (3)
H28F0.7655400.503621−0.0999740.073*0.277 (3)
H3S0.256 (3)0.155 (3)0.615 (2)0.049 (9)*
H1S0.478 (2)−0.009 (3)0.3271 (18)0.033 (7)*
H2S0.350 (2)0.090 (3)0.4883 (18)0.039 (8)*
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Na10.0218 (3)0.0118 (3)0.0264 (3)0.0010 (2)0.0102 (2)0.0011 (2)
Na20.0174 (3)0.0133 (3)0.0193 (3)0.0021 (2)0.0045 (2)−0.0010 (2)
O10.0205 (5)0.0154 (5)0.0356 (7)−0.0030 (4)0.0100 (5)0.0017 (4)
O20.0260 (6)0.0152 (5)0.0384 (7)0.0048 (4)0.0118 (5)−0.0042 (5)
O30.0387 (7)0.0308 (6)0.0159 (5)0.0053 (6)0.0077 (5)0.0033 (5)
O40.0310 (6)0.0131 (4)0.0182 (5)−0.0021 (4)0.0003 (4)0.0015 (4)
O50.0235 (5)0.0130 (4)0.0231 (5)0.0036 (4)0.0089 (4)0.0029 (4)
C10.0133 (6)0.0129 (5)0.0164 (6)−0.0020 (4)0.0033 (4)−0.0023 (5)
C20.0167 (6)0.0164 (6)0.0173 (6)0.0027 (5)0.0033 (5)−0.0008 (5)
C30.0188 (6)0.0177 (6)0.0168 (6)0.0021 (5)0.0028 (5)0.0000 (5)
C40.0274 (8)0.0264 (8)0.0201 (7)0.0093 (6)0.0042 (6)0.0024 (6)
C50.0299 (9)0.0273 (8)0.0195 (7)0.0075 (7)0.0030 (6)0.0048 (6)
C60.0290 (8)0.0232 (7)0.0169 (6)0.0001 (6)0.0053 (6)0.0010 (6)
C70.0231 (7)0.0215 (7)0.0177 (6)0.0012 (5)0.0062 (5)−0.0010 (5)
C80.0184 (6)0.0174 (6)0.0166 (6)−0.0002 (5)0.0042 (5)−0.0015 (5)
C90.0176 (6)0.0201 (6)0.0189 (6)0.0026 (5)0.0045 (5)−0.0015 (5)
C100.0148 (6)0.0184 (6)0.0180 (6)0.0006 (5)0.0019 (5)−0.0010 (5)
C110.0154 (6)0.0184 (6)0.0156 (6)0.0014 (5)0.0028 (5)−0.0012 (5)
C120.0177 (6)0.0145 (6)0.0170 (6)0.0016 (5)0.0061 (5)0.0011 (5)
C130.0248 (8)0.0434 (10)0.0236 (8)−0.0100 (8)0.0023 (6)−0.0124 (7)
C140.0542 (13)0.0394 (11)0.0200 (8)0.0117 (10)0.0146 (8)0.0036 (7)
C270.0203 (7)0.0154 (6)0.0156 (6)0.0000 (5)0.0053 (5)−0.0014 (5)
C260.0367 (12)0.0679 (17)0.0352 (11)0.0031 (12)−0.0127 (9)−0.0064 (11)
C250.0326 (9)0.0282 (8)0.0162 (7)−0.0105 (7)0.0036 (6)−0.0049 (6)
C15A0.0222 (16)0.0255 (15)0.0171 (11)0.0012 (11)0.0022 (10)−0.0058 (11)
C16A0.0302 (14)0.0296 (13)0.0134 (9)0.0069 (10)0.0002 (8)−0.0005 (9)
C17A0.0248 (11)0.0295 (12)0.0133 (10)0.0081 (9)−0.0008 (8)0.0013 (8)
C18A0.0286 (12)0.0351 (13)0.0178 (10)0.0134 (10)−0.0007 (8)0.0027 (9)
C19A0.0256 (12)0.0337 (13)0.0201 (10)0.0108 (10)0.0019 (9)0.0002 (9)
C20A0.0186 (11)0.0251 (11)0.0181 (11)0.0053 (9)0.0029 (9)0.0005 (9)
C21A0.0214 (10)0.0288 (11)0.0145 (9)0.0053 (8)−0.0010 (8)−0.0008 (8)
C22A0.0202 (15)0.0287 (13)0.0138 (14)0.0072 (12)−0.0026 (10)−0.0001 (11)
C23A0.0207 (10)0.0309 (11)0.0169 (9)0.0081 (9)−0.0025 (7)0.0006 (8)
C24A0.0232 (12)0.0299 (12)0.0187 (9)0.0040 (10)−0.0004 (8)−0.0030 (8)
C28A0.0321 (14)0.0450 (16)0.0169 (10)−0.0077 (11)−0.0006 (10)0.0056 (11)
O6A0.0191 (8)0.0346 (10)0.0178 (8)0.0078 (7)0.0040 (6)0.0033 (7)
O1S0.0552 (9)0.0230 (6)0.0274 (6)−0.0187 (6)0.0211 (6)−0.0076 (5)
C1S0.0385 (11)0.0342 (10)0.0251 (8)−0.0100 (8)0.0094 (7)−0.0034 (7)
O2S0.0200 (5)0.0151 (5)0.0267 (6)−0.0003 (4)0.0033 (4)0.0007 (4)
C2S0.0284 (10)0.0434 (12)0.0436 (11)−0.0081 (9)−0.0065 (8)0.0083 (10)
O3S0.0528 (10)0.0150 (6)0.0630 (11)−0.0036 (6)0.0417 (8)−0.0020 (6)
C3S0.0402 (10)0.0241 (8)0.0405 (10)−0.0074 (8)0.0214 (8)−0.0073 (8)
O6B0.051 (5)0.037 (4)0.064 (6)−0.009 (3)0.025 (4)−0.009 (4)
C15B0.018 (4)0.014 (3)0.016 (3)0.003 (2)0.006 (3)−0.002 (2)
C24B0.037 (4)0.030 (3)0.029 (3)0.015 (3)0.012 (3)0.012 (3)
C23B0.037 (4)0.033 (4)0.043 (4)0.016 (3)0.021 (3)0.009 (3)
C22B0.045 (4)0.024 (3)0.022 (3)−0.011 (3)0.017 (3)−0.009 (2)
C21B0.039 (4)0.024 (3)0.036 (4)−0.007 (3)0.015 (3)−0.009 (3)
C20B0.044 (5)0.030 (4)0.035 (4)−0.016 (4)0.016 (4)−0.015 (3)
C19B0.056 (5)0.059 (6)0.019 (3)−0.025 (5)0.001 (3)0.006 (3)
C18B0.044 (4)0.050 (5)0.020 (3)−0.008 (4)−0.001 (3)0.012 (3)
C16B0.023 (3)0.019 (2)0.018 (2)0.003 (2)−0.006 (2)0.0044 (19)
C17B0.040 (6)0.022 (3)0.021 (4)−0.009 (4)0.008 (3)−0.004 (3)
C28B0.031 (4)0.051 (5)0.063 (6)−0.006 (4)−0.002 (4)0.013 (5)
Na1—O22.2355 (14)C16A—C17A1.424 (4)
Na1—O3S2.3003 (15)C16A—H16A0.9500
Na1—O52.3604 (13)C17A—C18A1.417 (4)
Na1—O2S2.3838 (14)C17A—C22A1.420 (4)
Na1—O4i2.4403 (14)C18A—C19A1.368 (4)
Na1—O1Sii2.856 (2)C18A—H18A0.9500
Na2—O52.3418 (13)C19A—C20A1.420 (4)
Na2—O1S2.3667 (15)C19A—H19A0.9500
Na2—O4i2.4635 (13)C20A—O6A1.368 (3)
Na2—O2S2.4748 (14)C20A—C21A1.372 (3)
Na2—O1i2.5394 (14)C21A—C22A1.434 (4)
Na2—O2i2.5459 (15)C21A—H21A0.9500
Na2—O5i2.5983 (14)C22A—C23A1.416 (4)
O1—C121.2700 (19)C23A—C24A1.373 (3)
O2—C121.2457 (18)C23A—H23A0.9500
O3—C61.3698 (19)C24A—H24A0.9500
O3—C141.422 (3)C28A—O6A1.437 (3)
O4—C271.2629 (18)C28A—H28A0.9800
O5—C271.2555 (19)C28A—H28B0.9800
C1—C21.375 (2)C28A—H28C0.9800
C1—C101.416 (2)O1S—C1S1.399 (2)
C1—C111.523 (2)O1S—H1S0.84 (2)
C2—C31.420 (2)C1S—H1S10.9800
C2—H20.9500C1S—H1S20.9800
C3—C81.416 (2)C1S—H1S30.9800
C3—C41.423 (2)O2S—C2S1.411 (2)
C4—C51.372 (2)O2S—H2S0.83 (2)
C4—H40.9500C2S—H2S10.9800
C5—C61.415 (2)C2S—H2S20.9800
C5—H50.9500C2S—H2S30.9800
C6—C71.373 (2)O3S—C3S1.396 (2)
C7—C81.426 (2)O3S—H3S0.79 (2)
C7—H70.9500C3S—H3S10.9800
C8—C91.417 (2)C3S—H3S20.9800
C9—C101.378 (2)C3S—H3S30.9800
C9—H90.9500O6B—C28B1.352 (13)
C10—H100.9500O6B—C20B1.408 (11)
C11—C131.529 (2)C15B—C16B1.352 (10)
C11—C121.533 (2)C15B—C24B1.405 (11)
C11—H111.0000C24B—C23B1.376 (10)
C13—H13A0.9800C24B—H24B0.9500
C13—H13B0.9800C23B—C22B1.417 (11)
C13—H13C0.9800C23B—H23B0.9500
C14—H14A0.9800C22B—C17B1.421 (15)
C14—H14B0.9800C22B—C21B1.452 (11)
C14—H14C0.9800C21B—C20B1.355 (14)
C27—C251.534 (2)C21B—H21B0.9500
C26—C251.532 (3)C20B—C19B1.396 (16)
C26—H26A0.9800C19B—C18B1.359 (12)
C26—H26B0.9800C19B—H19B0.9500
C26—H26C0.9800C18B—C17B1.417 (13)
C25—C15A1.499 (4)C18B—H18B0.9500
C25—C15B1.620 (8)C16B—C17B1.421 (11)
C25—H25A1.0000C16B—H16B0.9500
C25—H25B1.0000C28B—H28D0.9800
C15A—C16A1.375 (4)C28B—H28E0.9800
C15A—C24A1.420 (4)C28B—H28F0.9800
O2—Na1—O3S100.84 (6)C26—C25—C15B128.7 (3)
O2—Na1—O583.32 (5)C27—C25—C15B104.2 (3)
O3S—Na1—O5161.49 (7)C15A—C25—H25A108.2
O2—Na1—O2S135.03 (6)C26—C25—H25A108.2
O3S—Na1—O2S81.08 (5)C27—C25—H25A108.2
O5—Na1—O2S83.32 (5)C26—C25—H25B104.5
O2—Na1—O4i136.61 (6)C27—C25—H25B104.5
O3S—Na1—O4i105.50 (6)C15B—C25—H25B104.5
O5—Na1—O4i82.41 (5)C16A—C15A—C24A118.0 (3)
O2S—Na1—O4i83.33 (4)C16A—C15A—C25116.8 (3)
O2—Na1—O1Sii78.92 (5)C24A—C15A—C25125.0 (3)
O3S—Na1—O1Sii109.52 (6)C15A—C16A—C17A121.9 (3)
O5—Na1—O1Sii88.96 (5)C15A—C16A—H16A119.1
O2S—Na1—O1Sii143.32 (5)C17A—C16A—H16A119.1
O4i—Na1—O1Sii60.08 (4)C18A—C17A—C22A118.8 (3)
O5—Na2—O1S122.60 (6)C18A—C17A—C16A121.9 (2)
O5—Na2—O4i82.29 (4)C22A—C17A—C16A119.2 (3)
O1S—Na2—O4i145.68 (5)C19A—C18A—C17A120.2 (2)
O5—Na2—O2S81.75 (4)C19A—C18A—H18A119.9
O1S—Na2—O2S80.06 (5)C17A—C18A—H18A119.9
O4i—Na2—O2S81.00 (5)C18A—C19A—C20A121.3 (2)
O5—Na2—O1i85.41 (4)C18A—C19A—H19A119.3
O1S—Na2—O1i105.56 (5)C20A—C19A—H19A119.3
O4i—Na2—O1i99.18 (5)O6A—C20A—C21A126.4 (3)
O2S—Na2—O1i167.02 (5)O6A—C20A—C19A113.4 (2)
O5—Na2—O2i135.92 (5)C21A—C20A—C19A120.1 (2)
O1S—Na2—O2i83.41 (6)C20A—C21A—C22A119.5 (3)
O4i—Na2—O2i94.01 (5)C20A—C21A—H21A120.3
O2S—Na2—O2i141.32 (5)C22A—C21A—H21A120.3
O1i—Na2—O2i51.64 (4)C23A—C22A—C17A118.4 (3)
O5—Na2—O5i130.41 (3)C23A—C22A—C21A121.6 (3)
O1S—Na2—O5i95.26 (5)C17A—C22A—C21A120.0 (3)
O4i—Na2—O5i51.90 (4)C24A—C23A—C22A120.8 (2)
O2S—Na2—O5i74.12 (4)C24A—C23A—H23A119.6
O1i—Na2—O5i116.29 (5)C22A—C23A—H23A119.6
O2i—Na2—O5i72.89 (4)C23A—C24A—C15A121.7 (3)
C12—O1—Na2ii92.32 (9)C23A—C24A—H24A119.1
C12—O2—Na1168.53 (13)C15A—C24A—H24A119.1
C12—O2—Na2ii92.62 (10)O6A—C28A—H28A109.5
Na1—O2—Na2ii83.11 (5)O6A—C28A—H28B109.5
C6—O3—C14116.94 (15)H28A—C28A—H28B109.5
C27—O4—Na1ii130.88 (11)O6A—C28A—H28C109.5
C27—O4—Na2ii92.75 (9)H28A—C28A—H28C109.5
Na1ii—O4—Na2ii79.35 (4)H28B—C28A—H28C109.5
C27—O5—Na2132.87 (10)C20A—O6A—C28A117.2 (2)
C27—O5—Na1137.71 (10)C1S—O1S—Na2132.12 (12)
Na2—O5—Na183.49 (4)C1S—O1S—Na1i102.53 (14)
C27—O5—Na2ii86.79 (9)Na2—O1S—Na1i74.36 (5)
Na2—O5—Na2ii130.68 (5)C1S—O1S—H1S105.9 (19)
Na1—O5—Na2ii79.62 (4)Na2—O1S—H1S116.5 (19)
C2—C1—C10118.34 (13)Na1i—O1S—H1S69.3 (19)
C2—C1—C11122.36 (13)O1S—C1S—H1S1109.5
C10—C1—C11119.30 (13)O1S—C1S—H1S2109.5
C1—C2—C3121.66 (13)H1S1—C1S—H1S2109.5
C1—C2—H2119.2O1S—C1S—H1S3109.5
C3—C2—H2119.2H1S1—C1S—H1S3109.5
C8—C3—C2119.54 (14)H1S2—C1S—H1S3109.5
C8—C3—C4118.47 (14)C2S—O2S—Na1113.32 (13)
C2—C3—C4121.97 (14)C2S—O2S—Na2133.15 (13)
C5—C4—C3120.60 (15)Na1—O2S—Na280.22 (4)
C5—C4—H4119.7C2S—O2S—H2S107 (2)
C3—C4—H4119.7Na1—O2S—H2S108 (2)
C4—C5—C6120.47 (16)Na2—O2S—H2S110 (2)
C4—C5—H5119.8O2S—C2S—H2S1109.5
C6—C5—H5119.8O2S—C2S—H2S2109.5
O3—C6—C7125.10 (16)H2S1—C2S—H2S2109.5
O3—C6—C5114.18 (15)O2S—C2S—H2S3109.5
C7—C6—C5120.73 (15)H2S1—C2S—H2S3109.5
C6—C7—C8119.44 (15)H2S2—C2S—H2S3109.5
C6—C7—H7120.3C3S—O3S—Na1137.38 (12)
C8—C7—H7120.3C3S—O3S—H3S115 (2)
C3—C8—C9118.21 (13)Na1—O3S—H3S108 (2)
C3—C8—C7120.21 (14)O3S—C3S—H3S1109.5
C9—C8—C7121.56 (14)O3S—C3S—H3S2109.5
C10—C9—C8120.81 (14)H3S1—C3S—H3S2109.5
C10—C9—H9119.6O3S—C3S—H3S3109.5
C8—C9—H9119.6H3S1—C3S—H3S3109.5
C9—C10—C1121.35 (14)H3S2—C3S—H3S3109.5
C9—C10—H10119.3C28B—O6B—C20B112.7 (10)
C1—C10—H10119.3C16B—C15B—C24B119.8 (7)
C1—C11—C13111.54 (13)C16B—C15B—C25119.3 (6)
C1—C11—C12110.58 (12)C24B—C15B—C25120.9 (6)
C13—C11—C12112.24 (13)C23B—C24B—C15B120.8 (7)
C1—C11—H11107.4C23B—C24B—H24B119.6
C13—C11—H11107.4C15B—C24B—H24B119.6
C12—C11—H11107.4C24B—C23B—C22B120.2 (7)
O2—C12—O1123.40 (14)C24B—C23B—H23B119.9
O2—C12—C11118.90 (14)C22B—C23B—H23B119.9
O1—C12—C11117.67 (13)C23B—C22B—C17B119.1 (7)
O2—C12—Na2ii61.83 (9)C23B—C22B—C21B122.0 (8)
O1—C12—Na2ii61.59 (8)C17B—C22B—C21B118.9 (8)
C11—C12—Na2ii179.19 (11)C20B—C21B—C22B118.4 (8)
C11—C13—H13A109.5C20B—C21B—H21B120.8
C11—C13—H13B109.5C22B—C21B—H21B120.8
H13A—C13—H13B109.5C21B—C20B—C19B123.1 (7)
C11—C13—H13C109.5C21B—C20B—O6B126.6 (10)
H13A—C13—H13C109.5C19B—C20B—O6B110.4 (9)
H13B—C13—H13C109.5C18B—C19B—C20B119.5 (8)
O3—C14—H14A109.5C18B—C19B—H19B120.3
O3—C14—H14B109.5C20B—C19B—H19B120.3
H14A—C14—H14B109.5C19B—C18B—C17B121.3 (10)
O3—C14—H14C109.5C19B—C18B—H18B119.3
H14A—C14—H14C109.5C17B—C18B—H18B119.3
H14B—C14—H14C109.5C15B—C16B—C17B121.9 (8)
O5—C27—O4123.49 (14)C15B—C16B—H16B119.0
O5—C27—C25118.22 (14)C17B—C16B—H16B119.0
O4—C27—C25118.26 (14)C18B—C17B—C16B123.1 (10)
C25—C26—H26A109.5C18B—C17B—C22B118.8 (9)
C25—C26—H26B109.5C16B—C17B—C22B118.1 (9)
H26A—C26—H26B109.5O6B—C28B—H28D109.5
C25—C26—H26C109.5O6B—C28B—H28E109.5
H26A—C26—H26C109.5H28D—C28B—H28E109.5
H26B—C26—H26C109.5O6B—C28B—H28F109.5
C15A—C25—C26110.1 (2)H28D—C28B—H28F109.5
C15A—C25—C27113.69 (18)H28E—C28B—H28F109.5
C26—C25—C27108.29 (15)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
O1S—H1S···O4iii0.84 (2)1.90 (2)2.6756 (18)153 (3)
O2S—H2S···O1iii0.83 (2)2.06 (2)2.8331 (18)156 (3)
O3S—H3S···O1iii0.79 (2)1.94 (2)2.7226 (19)172 (3)
  9 in total

Review 1.  Spherical crystallization of drugs.

Authors:  Borut Kovačič; Franc Vrečer; Odon Planinšek
Journal:  Acta Pharm       Date:  2012-03       Impact factor: 2.230

2.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

3.  Sodium-23 solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance of commercial sodium naproxen and its solvates.

Authors:  Kevin M N Burgess; Frédéric A Perras; Aurore Lebrun; Elisabeth Messner-Henning; Ilia Korobkov; David L Bryce
Journal:  J Pharm Sci       Date:  2012-05-22       Impact factor: 3.534

4.  Comparison of silver and molybdenum microfocus X-ray sources for single-crystal structure determination.

Authors:  Lennard Krause; Regine Herbst-Irmer; George M Sheldrick; Dietmar Stalke
Journal:  J Appl Crystallogr       Date:  2015-01-30       Impact factor: 3.304

5.  Structural basis for the transformation pathways of the sodium naproxen anhydrate-hydrate system.

Authors:  Andrew D Bond; Claus Cornett; Flemming H Larsen; Haiyan Qu; Dhara Raijada; Jukka Rantanen
Journal:  IUCrJ       Date:  2014-08-20       Impact factor: 4.769

6.  SHELXT - integrated space-group and crystal-structure determination.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 2.290

7.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

8.  Use of intensity quotients and differences in absolute structure refinement.

Authors:  Simon Parsons; Howard D Flack; Trixie Wagner
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2013-05-17

9.  The Cambridge Structural Database.

Authors:  Colin R Groom; Ian J Bruno; Matthew P Lightfoot; Suzanna C Ward
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr B Struct Sci Cryst Eng Mater       Date:  2016-04-01
  9 in total

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