Davide Bruno1, Carey E Gleason2,3,4, Rebecca L Koscik5, Nunzio Pomara6,7, Henrik Zetterberg8,9,10,11, Kaj Blennow8,9, Sterling C Johnson2,3,4. 1. School of Natural Science and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK. 2. Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. 3. Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA. 4. Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA. 5. Wisconsin Alzheimer's Institute, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin- Madison, Madison, WI, USA. 6. Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA. 7. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, New York University, New York City, NY, USA. 8. Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden. 9. Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden. 10. Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK. 11. UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: As anti-amyloid therapeutic interventions shift from enrolling patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia to individuals with pre-clinical disease, the need for sensitive measures that allow for non-invasive, fast, disseminable, and cost-effective identification of preclinical status increases in importance. The recency ratio (Rr) is a memory measure that relies on analysis of serial position performance, which has been found to predict cognitive decline and conversion to early mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this study was to test Rr's sensitivity to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the core AD biomarkers in individuals with MCI-AD and controls. METHODS: Baseline data from 126 (110 controls and 16 MCI-AD) participants from the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were analysed. Partial correlations adjusting for demographics were carried out between CSF measure of amyloid beta (Aβ40, Aβ42, and the 40/42 ratio) and tau (total and phosphorylated), and memory measures (Rr, delayed recall, and total recall) derived from the Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test. RESULTS: Results indicated that Rr was the most sensitive memory score to Aβ42 levels in MCI-AD, while no memory score correlated significantly with any biomarker in controls. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that Rr is a sensitive cognitive index of underlying amyloid β pathology in MCI-AD.
OBJECTIVE: As anti-amyloid therapeutic interventions shift from enrolling patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia to individuals with pre-clinical disease, the need for sensitive measures that allow for non-invasive, fast, disseminable, and cost-effective identification of preclinical status increases in importance. The recency ratio (Rr) is a memory measure that relies on analysis of serial position performance, which has been found to predict cognitive decline and conversion to early mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The aim of this study was to test Rr's sensitivity to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the core AD biomarkers in individuals with MCI-AD and controls. METHODS: Baseline data from 126 (110 controls and 16 MCI-AD) participants from the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center were analysed. Partial correlations adjusting for demographics were carried out between CSF measure of amyloid beta (Aβ40, Aβ42, and the 40/42 ratio) and tau (total and phosphorylated), and memory measures (Rr, delayed recall, and total recall) derived from the Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test. RESULTS: Results indicated that Rr was the most sensitive memory score to Aβ42 levels in MCI-AD, while no memory score correlated significantly with any biomarker in controls. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that Rr is a sensitive cognitive index of underlying amyloid β pathology in MCI-AD.
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