Maik Rothe1,2, Annika Jahn3, Kilian Weiss4,5, Jong-Hee Hwang2,6, Julia Szendroedi2,7,6, Malte Kelm3,8, Jürgen Schrader1, Michael Roden2,7,6, Ulrich Flögel9,10,11, Florian Bönner12. 1. Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. 2. German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Institute for Clinical Diabetology, Düsseldorf, Germany. 3. Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. 4. Philips Research, Hamburg, Germany. 5. Philips Healthcare, Hamburg, Germany. 6. German Center for Diabetes Research, Neuherberg, Munich, Germany. 7. Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. 8. Medical Faculty, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. 9. Experimental Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Molecular Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. floegel@uni-duesseldorf.de. 10. Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. floegel@uni-duesseldorf.de. 11. Medical Faculty, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. floegel@uni-duesseldorf.de. 12. Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. florian.boenner@med.uni-duesseldorf.de.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Fluorine-19 (19F) MRI with intravenously applied perfluorocarbons allows the in vivo monitoring of infiltrating immune cells as demonstrated in small animal models at high field. Here, we aimed to transfer this approach to a clinical scanner for detection of inflammatory processes in the heart after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a large animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Optimization of coil and sequence performance was carried out on phantoms and in vivo at a 3 T Philips Achieva. AMI was induced in Munich mini pigs by 90-min occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. At day 3 after AMI, pigs received a body weight-adjusted intravenous dose of a perfluorooctyl bromide nanoemulsion followed by 1H/19F MRI at day 6 after AMI. RESULTS: A balanced steady-state free precession turbo gradient echo sequence using an ellipsoidal 19F/1H surface coil provided the best signal-to-noise ratio and a superior localization of 19F patterns in vivo. This approach allowed the reliable detection of 19F signals in the injured myocardium within less than 20 min. The 19F signal magnitude correlated significantly with the functional impairment after AMI. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the feasibility of in vivo 19F MR inflammation imaging after AMI at 3 T within a clinically acceptable acquisition time.
OBJECTIVES:Fluorine-19 (19F) MRI with intravenously applied perfluorocarbons allows the in vivo monitoring of infiltrating immune cells as demonstrated in small animal models at high field. Here, we aimed to transfer this approach to a clinical scanner for detection of inflammatory processes in the heart after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a large animal model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Optimization of coil and sequence performance was carried out on phantoms and in vivo at a 3 T Philips Achieva. AMI was induced in Munich mini pigs by 90-min occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. At day 3 after AMI, pigs received a body weight-adjusted intravenous dose of a perfluorooctyl bromide nanoemulsion followed by 1H/19F MRI at day 6 after AMI. RESULTS: A balanced steady-state free precession turbo gradient echo sequence using an ellipsoidal 19F/1H surface coil provided the best signal-to-noise ratio and a superior localization of 19F patterns in vivo. This approach allowed the reliable detection of 19F signals in the injured myocardium within less than 20 min. The 19F signal magnitude correlated significantly with the functional impairment after AMI. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the feasibility of in vivo 19F MR inflammation imaging after AMI at 3 T within a clinically acceptable acquisition time.
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