Sarah Stark Casagrande1, Andy Menke2, Larissa Aviles-Santa3, Linda C Gallo4, Martha L Daviglus5, Gregory A Talavera6, Sheila F Castañeda6, Krista Perreira7, Matthew Shane Loop8, Wassim Tarraf9, Hector M González10, Catherine C Cowie11. 1. Social & Scientific Systems, Silver Spring, MD, United States. Electronic address: scasagrande@s-3.com. 2. Social & Scientific Systems, Silver Spring, MD, United States. 3. Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States. 4. Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States. 5. Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States. 6. South Bay Latino Research Center, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States. 7. Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. 8. Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States. 9. Institute of Gerontology and Department of Healthcare Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States. 10. Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease and Research Center, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States. 11. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Abstract
AIMS: To investigate sociodemographic and health factors associated with undiagnosed diabetes among adults with diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). METHODS: Among 3384 adults with self-reported diabetes or undiagnosed diabetes in the baseline HCHS/SOL, we estimated odds ratios (OR) of being undiagnosed for demographic, cultural, access to care, and health factors. RESULTS: Among individuals with diabetes, 37.0% were undiagnosed. After adjustment and compared to people of Mexican heritage, people of Cuban and South American heritage had 60% (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.02-2.50) and 91% (OR = 1.91, 1.16-3.14) higher odds of being undiagnosed, respectively. Individuals with a higher odds of being undiagnosed were women (OR = 1.64, 1.26-2.13), those with no health insurance (OR = 1.31, 1.00-1.71), individuals who received no healthcare in the past year (OR = 3.59, 2.49-5.16), those who were overweight (vs. normal weight) (OR = 1.60, 1.02-2.50), and those with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.38, 1.10-1.74). Individuals with lower odds of being undiagnosed were those with a family history of diabetes (OR = 0.54, 0.43-0.68), and those with hypertension (OR = 0.46, 0.36-0.58). CONCLUSIONS: Variation by Hispanic heritage group, sex, and access to medical care highlight where concentrated efforts are need to improve diabetes awareness. Our findings will inform clinical and public health practices to improve diabetes awareness among vulnerable populations.
AIMS: To investigate sociodemographic and health factors associated with undiagnosed diabetes among adults with diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). METHODS: Among 3384 adults with self-reported diabetes or undiagnosed diabetes in the baseline HCHS/SOL, we estimated odds ratios (OR) of being undiagnosed for demographic, cultural, access to care, and health factors. RESULTS: Among individuals with diabetes, 37.0% were undiagnosed. After adjustment and compared to people of Mexican heritage, people of Cuban and South American heritage had 60% (OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.02-2.50) and 91% (OR = 1.91, 1.16-3.14) higher odds of being undiagnosed, respectively. Individuals with a higher odds of being undiagnosed were women (OR = 1.64, 1.26-2.13), those with no health insurance (OR = 1.31, 1.00-1.71), individuals who received no healthcare in the past year (OR = 3.59, 2.49-5.16), those who were overweight (vs. normal weight) (OR = 1.60, 1.02-2.50), and those with dyslipidemia (OR = 1.38, 1.10-1.74). Individuals with lower odds of being undiagnosed were those with a family history of diabetes (OR = 0.54, 0.43-0.68), and those with hypertension (OR = 0.46, 0.36-0.58). CONCLUSIONS: Variation by Hispanic heritage group, sex, and access to medical care highlight where concentrated efforts are need to improve diabetes awareness. Our findings will inform clinical and public health practices to improve diabetes awareness among vulnerable populations.
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