Mu-Hong Chen1,2, Ju-Wei Hsu1,2, Kei-Lin Huang1,2, Tung-Ping Su1,2,3, Cheng-Ta Li1,2, Wei-Chen Lin1,2, Shih-Jen Tsai1,2, Chih-Ming Cheng1,2, Wen-Han Chang1, Tai-Long Pan4,5,6, Tzeng-Ji Chen7,8, Ya-Mei Bai1,2. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 2. Division of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. 3. Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 4. School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 5. Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 6. Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine and Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 7. Department of Family Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. 8. Institute of Hospital and Health Care Administration, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable mental illness that transmits intergeneratively. Previous studies supported that first-degree relatives (FDRs), such as parents, offspring, and siblings, of patients with bipolar disorder, had a higher risk of bipolar disorder. However, whether FDRs of bipolar patients have an increased risk of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remains unclear. METHODS: Among the entire population in Taiwan, 87 639 patients with bipolar disorder and 188 290 FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder were identified in our study. The relative risks (RRs) of major psychiatric disorders were assessed among FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder. RESULTS: FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder were more likely to have a higher risk of major psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder (RR 6.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.95-6.30), MDD (RR 2.89, 95% CI 2.82-2.96), schizophrenia (RR 2.64, 95% CI 2.55-2.73), ADHD (RR 2.21, 95% CI 2.13-2.30), and ASD (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.92-2.29), than the total population did. These increased risks for major psychiatric disorders were consistent across different familial kinships, such as parents, offspring, siblings, and twins. A dose-dependent relationship was also found between risk of each major psychiatric disorder and numbers of bipolar patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our study was the first study to support the familial coaggregation of bipolar disorder with other major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, MDD, ADHD, and ASD, in a Taiwanese (non-Caucasian) population. Given the elevated risks of major psychiatric disorders, the public health government should pay more attention to the mental health of FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder.
BACKGROUND:Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable mental illness that transmits intergeneratively. Previous studies supported that first-degree relatives (FDRs), such as parents, offspring, and siblings, of patients with bipolar disorder, had a higher risk of bipolar disorder. However, whether FDRs of bipolarpatients have an increased risk of schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remains unclear. METHODS: Among the entire population in Taiwan, 87 639 patients with bipolar disorder and 188 290 FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder were identified in our study. The relative risks (RRs) of major psychiatric disorders were assessed among FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder. RESULTS: FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder were more likely to have a higher risk of major psychiatric disorders, including bipolar disorder (RR 6.12, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.95-6.30), MDD (RR 2.89, 95% CI 2.82-2.96), schizophrenia (RR 2.64, 95% CI 2.55-2.73), ADHD (RR 2.21, 95% CI 2.13-2.30), and ASD (RR 2.10, 95% CI 1.92-2.29), than the total population did. These increased risks for major psychiatric disorders were consistent across different familial kinships, such as parents, offspring, siblings, and twins. A dose-dependent relationship was also found between risk of each major psychiatric disorder and numbers of bipolarpatients. CONCLUSIONS: Our study was the first study to support the familial coaggregation of bipolar disorder with other major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, MDD, ADHD, and ASD, in a Taiwanese (non-Caucasian) population. Given the elevated risks of major psychiatric disorders, the public health government should pay more attention to the mental health of FDRs of patients with bipolar disorder.
Authors: Paolo Fusar-Poli; Christoph U Correll; Celso Arango; Michael Berk; Vikram Patel; John P A Ioannidis Journal: World Psychiatry Date: 2021-06 Impact factor: 79.683
Authors: Ta-Chuan Yeh; Ya-Mei Bai; Shih-Jen Tsai; Tzeng-Ji Chen; Chih-Sung Liang; Mu-Hong Chen Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-04-28 Impact factor: 3.390