Jillian L Simard1, Melanie Smith1, Sunandana Chandra2. 1. , Chicago, USA. 2. Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 645 N Michigan Ave, Suite 1006, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. sunandana.chandra@northwestern.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly being used to treat melanoma brain metastases. One potential complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors is a phenomenon called pseudoprogression, in which a tumor transiently increases in size due to lymphocyte infiltration. This article reviews the characteristics of pseudoprogression and their clinical implications. RECENT FINDINGS: Pseudoprogression can be challenging to differentiate from true progression noted clinically or radiographically, thereby complicating management decisions and potentially confusing patients and their families. The transient tumor enlargement can also cause symptoms that mimic true tumor progression. Because the use of immunotherapy on melanoma brain metastases is a relatively new treatment paradigm, there is limited evidence to guide clinical decision-making and prognostication related to pseudoprogression.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly being used to treat melanoma brain metastases. One potential complication of immune checkpoint inhibitors is a phenomenon called pseudoprogression, in which a tumor transiently increases in size due to lymphocyte infiltration. This article reviews the characteristics of pseudoprogression and their clinical implications. RECENT FINDINGS: Pseudoprogression can be challenging to differentiate from true progression noted clinically or radiographically, thereby complicating management decisions and potentially confusing patients and their families. The transient tumor enlargement can also cause symptoms that mimic true tumor progression. Because the use of immunotherapy on melanoma brain metastases is a relatively new treatment paradigm, there is limited evidence to guide clinical decision-making and prognostication related to pseudoprogression.
Authors: Erin Wong; Leigha Rowbottom; May Tsao; Liying Zhang; Rachel McDonald; Cyril Danjoux; Elizabeth Barnes; Stephanie Chan; Edward Chow Journal: Ann Palliat Med Date: 2016-09-09
Authors: Georgina V Long; Uwe Trefzer; Michael A Davies; Richard F Kefford; Paolo A Ascierto; Paul B Chapman; Igor Puzanov; Axel Hauschild; Caroline Robert; Alain Algazi; Laurent Mortier; Hussein Tawbi; Tabea Wilhelm; Lisa Zimmer; Julie Switzky; Suzanne Swann; Anne-Marie Martin; Mary Guckert; Vicki Goodman; Michael Streit; John M Kirkwood; Dirk Schadendorf Journal: Lancet Oncol Date: 2012-10-08 Impact factor: 41.316
Authors: Michael A Davies; Ping Liu; Susan McIntyre; Kevin B Kim; Nicholas Papadopoulos; Wen-Jen Hwu; Patrick Hwu; Agop Bedikian Journal: Cancer Date: 2010-10-19 Impact factor: 6.860
Authors: William A Stokes; David C Binder; Bernard L Jones; Ayman J Oweida; Arthur K Liu; Chad G Rusthoven; Sana D Karam Journal: J Neuroimmunol Date: 2017-10-13 Impact factor: 3.478
Authors: Gery P Guy; Cheryll C Thomas; Trevor Thompson; Meg Watson; Greta M Massetti; Lisa C Richardson Journal: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Date: 2015-06-05 Impact factor: 17.586
Authors: Steven N Kalkanis; Douglas Kondziolka; Laurie E Gaspar; Stuart H Burri; Anthony L Asher; Charles S Cobbs; Mario Ammirati; Paula D Robinson; David W Andrews; Jay S Loeffler; Michael McDermott; Minesh P Mehta; Tom Mikkelsen; Jeffrey J Olson; Nina A Paleologos; Roy A Patchell; Timothy C Ryken; Mark E Linskey Journal: J Neurooncol Date: 2009-12-04 Impact factor: 4.130
Authors: Nadia Sadanandan; Alex Shear; Beverly Brooks; Madeline Saft; Dorothy Anne Galang Cabantan; Chase Kingsbury; Henry Zhang; Stefan Anthony; Zhen-Jie Wang; Felipe Esparza Salazar; Alma R Lezama Toledo; Germán Rivera Monroy; Joaquin Vega Gonzales-Portillo; Alexa Moscatello; Jea-Young Lee; Cesario V Borlongan Journal: Front Mol Neurosci Date: 2021-11-24 Impact factor: 5.639
Authors: Agnes Koch; Stefan Sponholz; Stephan Trainer; Jan Stratmann; Martin Sebastian; Maximilian Rauch; Robert Wolff; Joachim P Steinbach; Michael W Ronellenfitsch; Hans Urban Journal: Curr Oncol Date: 2022-03-23 Impact factor: 3.109