Abdurrahman Cahid Orengul1, Mahmut Cem Tarakcioglu2, Vahdet Gormez3, Sumeyye Akkoyun1, Aziz Zorlu4, Nigar Aliyeva1, Selcuk Uzuner5, Yasin Caliskan6, Alperen Bikmazer3. 1. 1 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey. 2. 2 Clinics of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Education Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey. 3. 3 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul, Turkey. 4. 4 Şeyhülislam Yahya Efendi Primary School, İstanbul, Turkey. 5. 5 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey. 6. 6 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to investigate the duration of breastfeeding in relation to various parafunctional oral habits in children with anxiety disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study includes 195 children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and age- and gender-matched 255 healthy control subjects. Diagnoses were made with semistructured interview (K-SADS). Information about breastfeeding and parafunctional oral habits was investigated via a questionnaire prepared for the study. RESULTS: The mean age was 11.50 ± 2.50 years for clinical group and 11.27 ± 2.33 years for controls. Fifty-four percent of the clinical group and 56% of the control group were female subjects. Duration of exclusive (4.72 ± 2.86, 5.55 ± 2.36; p = 0.002) and total breastfeeding (12.38 ± 10.32, 15.89 ± 9.09; p < 0.001) was significantly lower and duration of bottle-feeding (22.30 ± 19.54, 16.64 ± 12.79; p = 0.005) was higher than controls in the clinical group. Duration of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly correlated with duration of bottle-feeding (r = -0.263, p < 0.001) and duration of pacifier use (r = -0.249, p = 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that duration of exclusive breastfeeding (β = 0.88, p = 0.006) and bottle-feeding (β = 1.02, p = 0.005), as well as various oral habits, was associated with diagnosis of an anxiety disorder. CONCLUSION: Nutrition methods in early years of life may result in long-term consequences regarding anxiety disorders for children. Clinicians should encourage parents for a shorter duration of bottle-feeding and a longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to investigate the duration of breastfeeding in relation to various parafunctional oral habits in children with anxiety disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study includes 195 children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and age- and gender-matched 255 healthy control subjects. Diagnoses were made with semistructured interview (K-SADS). Information about breastfeeding and parafunctional oral habits was investigated via a questionnaire prepared for the study. RESULTS: The mean age was 11.50 ± 2.50 years for clinical group and 11.27 ± 2.33 years for controls. Fifty-four percent of the clinical group and 56% of the control group were female subjects. Duration of exclusive (4.72 ± 2.86, 5.55 ± 2.36; p = 0.002) and total breastfeeding (12.38 ± 10.32, 15.89 ± 9.09; p < 0.001) was significantly lower and duration of bottle-feeding (22.30 ± 19.54, 16.64 ± 12.79; p = 0.005) was higher than controls in the clinical group. Duration of exclusive breastfeeding was significantly correlated with duration of bottle-feeding (r = -0.263, p < 0.001) and duration of pacifier use (r = -0.249, p = 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that duration of exclusive breastfeeding (β = 0.88, p = 0.006) and bottle-feeding (β = 1.02, p = 0.005), as well as various oral habits, was associated with diagnosis of an anxiety disorder. CONCLUSION: Nutrition methods in early years of life may result in long-term consequences regarding anxiety disorders for children. Clinicians should encourage parents for a shorter duration of bottle-feeding and a longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding.