Gongbo Chen1, Zhijuan Jin2, Shanshan Li1, Xingming Jin2, Shilu Tong3, Shijian Liu4, You Yang2, Hong Huang5, Yuming Guo6. 1. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. 2. Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. 3. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; School of Public Health and Institute of Environment and Human Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. 4. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. 5. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: huanghong@smhb.gov.cn. 6. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: yuming.guo@monash.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The evidence for adverse effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution on mental health is limited. Studies in Western countries suggested higher risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated with PM air pollution, but no such study has been done in developing countries. METHODS: A case-control study was performed in Shanghai with a multi-stage random sampling design. Children's exposures to PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 1 μm, < 2.5 μm and < 10 μm, respectively) during the first three years after birth were estimated with satellite remote sensing data. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the PM-ASD association. RESULTS: In total, 124 ASD cases and 1240 healthy controls were included in this study. The median levels of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 exposures during the first three years of life were 48.8 μg/m3, 66.2 μg/m3 and 95.4 μg/m3, respectively, and the interquartile range (IQR) for these three pollutants were 4.8 μg/m3, 3.4 μg/m3 and 4.9 μg/m3, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) of ASD associated with an IQR increase for PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 were 1.86 (1.09, 3.17), 1.78 (1.14, 2.76) and 1.68 (1.09, 2.59), respectively. Higher ORs of ASD associated with PM pollution were observed in the second and the third year after birth. CONCLUSIONS: Exposures to PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 during the first three years of life were associated with the increased risk of ASD and there appeared to be stronger effects of ambient PM pollution on ASD in the second and the third years after birth.
BACKGROUND: The evidence for adverse effects of ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution on mental health is limited. Studies in Western countries suggested higher risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) associated with PM air pollution, but no such study has been done in developing countries. METHODS: A case-control study was performed in Shanghai with a multi-stage random sampling design. Children's exposures to PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 1 μm, < 2.5 μm and < 10 μm, respectively) during the first three years after birth were estimated with satellite remote sensing data. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the PM-ASD association. RESULTS: In total, 124 ASD cases and 1240 healthy controls were included in this study. The median levels of PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 exposures during the first three years of life were 48.8 μg/m3, 66.2 μg/m3 and 95.4 μg/m3, respectively, and the interquartile range (IQR) for these three pollutants were 4.8 μg/m3, 3.4 μg/m3 and 4.9 μg/m3, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios (and 95% confidence intervals) of ASD associated with an IQR increase for PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 were 1.86 (1.09, 3.17), 1.78 (1.14, 2.76) and 1.68 (1.09, 2.59), respectively. Higher ORs of ASD associated with PM pollution were observed in the second and the third year after birth. CONCLUSIONS: Exposures to PM1, PM2.5 and PM10 during the first three years of life were associated with the increased risk of ASD and there appeared to be stronger effects of ambient PM pollution on ASD in the second and the third years after birth.
Authors: Omar Hahad; Jos Lelieveld; Frank Birklein; Klaus Lieb; Andreas Daiber; Thomas Münzel Journal: Int J Mol Sci Date: 2020-06-17 Impact factor: 5.923
Authors: Giovanni Imbriani; Alessandra Panico; Tiziana Grassi; Adele Idolo; Francesca Serio; Francesco Bagordo; Giovanni De Filippis; Donato De Giorgi; Gianfranco Antonucci; Prisco Piscitelli; Manuela Colangelo; Luigi Peccarisi; Maria Rosaria Tumolo; Roberto De Masi; Alessandro Miani; Antonella De Donno Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-01-29 Impact factor: 3.390