Neural bases underlying the association between balanced time perspective and trait anxiety.

The aims of present study were to investigate the association between balanced time perspective (BTP) and trait anxiety, and the neural substrates underlying this association using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods. 140 college students (83 females) ranging in age from 17 to 25 years were assessed on deviation from the balanced time perspective (DBTP) and trait anxiety. Behavioral analyses found BTP could significantly predict trait anxiety after controlling age and gender. Whole-brain VBM analyses found that DBTP was positively correlated with gray matter volume (GMV) in the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) and precuneus, while trait anxiety positively correlated with GMV in the PHG. Considering the overlapping region in the PHG, we further defined the overlapping region as the seed, and calculated seed-to-voxel-based functional connectivity in resting-state. RSFC results showed that DBTP was positively associated with the RSFC between the PHG and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and precuneus, whereas negatively correlated with the RSFC between the PHG and cuneus. Trait anxiety was also positively correlated with the RSFC between the PHG and PCC while negatively correlated with the RSFC between the PHG and cuneus. Mediation analysis further found GMV in the overlapping PHG and PHG-PCC, PHG-cuneus functional connectivity played significantly mediating roles in the relation between DBTP and trait anxiety. In sum, our research suggests the structural features of the PHG and its connectivity with PCC and cuneus may be the neural bases underlying the association between BTP and trait anxiety.