Rapid increase in brain benzodiazepine receptor binding following defeat stress in mice.

Defeat stress in mice, a model of social stress, increases benzodiazepine receptor binding as measured by specific [3H]Ro15-1788 binding in vivo, but not by [3H]flunitrazepam binding in vitro. This increase occurs rapidly, by 20 min following exposure to stress, and resolves by 60 min. Increased benzodiazepine receptor binding is observed in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hypothalamus, and appears to be due to an increase in receptor number rather than apparent affinity. The stress-induced increase in central benzodiazepine receptors is decreased in a dose-dependent fashion by lorazepam, a benzodiazepine agonist, but not by the receptor antagonist Ro15-1788. The stress-induced increase in benzodiazepine receptors is also blocked by adrenalectomy and is restored by corticosterone replacement.