Pediatric Considerations for Dental Sleep Medicine.

Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a serious medical condition with numerous health consequences. Dentists are well suited to recognize and provide medical referrals for pediatric patients at risk for OSA. Timely dental sleep medicine interventions may improve signs and symptoms of OSA in growing children. Orthodontic and dentofacial orthopedic treatment may decrease obstructive respiratory events in some pediatric patients. Palatal expansion may be part of a comprehensive orthodontic treatment plan to correct a malocclusion and treat OSA. Orthognathic surgery, mandibular advancement devices, and oropharyngeal exercises may have a role in the management of OSA in pediatric and adolescent patients.