Ebrahim Abbasi-Oshaghi1,2, Fatemeh Mirzaei3, Amir Mirzaei4. 1. Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 2. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. 3. Department of Anatomy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 4. Department of Building, Civil & Environmental Engineering (BCEE), Faculty of Engineering & Computer Sciences, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Abstract
AIM: The present study was carried out to determine the effects of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on intestinal function and pathophysiological alteration. MATERIALS & METHODS: ZnO-NPs were synthesized and their characterizations were performed using various techniques. The Wistar male rats fed with normal diet and/or high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and then orally received ZnO-NPs (5, 50 and 100 mg/kg bodyweight) for 28 days. The oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, GPx), inflammatory (TNF-α, iNOS) and apoptosis pathways (Bcl2, Bax and p53) genes expression and protein levels were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and available kit, respectively. The activity of Caspase-3, antioxidant capacity, as well as inflammatory markers were determined. The histological alterations of the large and small intestine were also evaluated with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) as well as TdT dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The biochemical factors, viability and antioxidant activity were also determined in Caco-2 cells. RESULTS: It was found that the antioxidant enzymes activity and genes expression markedly increased, while inflammatory and apoptosis pathways and TNF-α levels significantly decreased in the intestine of HFD-fed rats treated with 5 mg/kg ZnO-NPs. Intestinal morphological changes were also restored by 5 mg/kg ZnO-NPs in HFD group. CONCLUSION: Treatment of rats with 50 and 100 mg/kg ZnO-NPs significantly induced intestinal injury, while treatment with 5 mg/kg ZnO nanoparticle normalized intestinal functions and structure. This study showed the synergistic effects of ZnO-NPs and HFD administration on liver enzyme, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, morphological changes and cell toxicity.
AIM: The present study was carried out to determine the effects of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) on intestinal function and pathophysiological alteration. MATERIALS & METHODS:ZnO-NPs were synthesized and their characterizations were performed using various techniques. The Wistar male rats fed with normal diet and/or high fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and then orally received ZnO-NPs (5, 50 and 100 mg/kg bodyweight) for 28 days. The oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, GPx), inflammatory (TNF-α, iNOS) and apoptosis pathways (Bcl2, Bax and p53) genes expression and protein levels were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and available kit, respectively. The activity of Caspase-3, antioxidant capacity, as well as inflammatory markers were determined. The histological alterations of the large and small intestine were also evaluated with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) as well as TdT dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The biochemical factors, viability and antioxidant activity were also determined in Caco-2 cells. RESULTS: It was found that the antioxidant enzymes activity and genes expression markedly increased, while inflammatory and apoptosis pathways and TNF-α levels significantly decreased in the intestine of HFD-fed rats treated with 5 mg/kg ZnO-NPs. Intestinal morphological changes were also restored by 5 mg/kg ZnO-NPs in HFD group. CONCLUSION: Treatment of rats with 50 and 100 mg/kg ZnO-NPs significantly induced intestinal injury, while treatment with 5 mg/kg ZnO nanoparticle normalized intestinal functions and structure. This study showed the synergistic effects of ZnO-NPs and HFD administration on liver enzyme, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, morphological changes and cell toxicity.
Authors: Anna Mittag; Alina Singer; Christian Hoera; Martin Westermann; Alexander Kämpfe; Michael Glei Journal: Part Fibre Toxicol Date: 2022-05-30 Impact factor: 9.112
Authors: Anna Mittag; Christian Hoera; Alexander Kämpfe; Martin Westermann; Jochen Kuckelkorn; Thomas Schneider; Michael Glei Journal: Toxics Date: 2021-04-27