Objective: To study bacterial resistance in children and newborns aged less than 14 years across China from 2014 to 2017. Methods: Bacterial resistance data on children and newborns were extracted from the national bacterial resistance surveillance reports from 2014 to 2017. Resistance trends in children and newborns were analyzed over the past four years, and compared with the adult and elderly groups. Results: Among all strains, the isolates collected from children and newborns from 2014 to 2017 accounted for 16.2%, 13.8%, 15.3% and 16.3%, respectively. The proportions of gram-positive bacteria among strains isolated from children and newborns, which were apparently higher than that of the adult and elderly groups, were 42.6%, 44.3%, 45.8% and 45.5%, respectively. The top five isolates of gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis. The top five isolates of gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The proportion of urine-derived bacteria isolated from children and newborns (6.1%-7.1%) was apparently lower than that of the adult and elderly groups, while sputum (49.2%-52.8%) and blood-derived (11.4%-13.8%) were higher than the adult group. The prevalence of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae decreased from 58.3% to 52.0% and 51.2% to 45.0%, respectively. The prevalence of imipenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae increased from 1.2% to 1.9% and 5.6% to 8.8%, respectively. The prevalence of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa increased from 11.0% to 12.4%, however, the prevalence of imipenem-resistant A. baumannii decreased from 27.2% to 24.6%. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus increased from 27.5% to 29.5%. The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant-E.faecalis/E.faecium decreased from 0.6% to 0.2% and 0.9% to 0.3%, respectively. The proportion of non-cerebrospinal fluid-derived penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae decresed from 5.1% to 2.7%. Conclusions: The prevalence of several drug-resistant bacteria isolated from children and newborns were decreasing, but the prevalence of imipenem-resistant E. coli, imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant S. aureus increased slowly. It is still necessary to strengthen antibiotics rational application management and hospital infection control, and maintain good practice in bacterial resistance surveillance work.
Objective: To study bacterial resistance in children and newborns aged less than 14 years across China from 2014 to 2017. Methods: Bacterial resistance data on children and newborns were extracted from the national bacterial resistance surveillance reports from 2014 to 2017. Resistance trends in children and newborns were analyzed over the past four years, and compared with the adult and elderly groups. Results: Among all strains, the isolates collected from children and newborns from 2014 to 2017 accounted for 16.2%, 13.8%, 15.3% and 16.3%, respectively. The proportions of gram-positive bacteria among strains isolated from children and newborns, which were apparently higher than that of the adult and elderly groups, were 42.6%, 44.3%, 45.8% and 45.5%, respectively. The top five isolates of gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Enterococcus faecium and E. faecalis. The top five isolates of gram-negative bacteria were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The proportion of urine-derived bacteria isolated from children and newborns (6.1%-7.1%) was apparently lower than that of the adult and elderly groups, while sputum (49.2%-52.8%) and blood-derived (11.4%-13.8%) were higher than the adult group. The prevalence of cefotaxime-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae decreased from 58.3% to 52.0% and 51.2% to 45.0%, respectively. The prevalence of imipenem-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae increased from 1.2% to 1.9% and 5.6% to 8.8%, respectively. The prevalence of imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa increased from 11.0% to 12.4%, however, the prevalence of imipenem-resistant A. baumannii decreased from 27.2% to 24.6%. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus increased from 27.5% to 29.5%. The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant-E.faecalis/E.faecium decreased from 0.6% to 0.2% and 0.9% to 0.3%, respectively. The proportion of non-cerebrospinal fluid-derived penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae decresed from 5.1% to 2.7%. Conclusions: The prevalence of several drug-resistant bacteria isolated from children and newborns were decreasing, but the prevalence of imipenem-resistant E. coli, imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and methicillin-resistant S. aureus increased slowly. It is still necessary to strengthen antibiotics rational application management and hospital infection control, and maintain good practice in bacterial resistance surveillance work.
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Keywords:
Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; Children and newborns; China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System; Resistance