Introduction to the Thematic Minireview Series: Sixty plus years of polyamine research.

Polyamines have a long history in biochemistry and physiology, dating back to 1678 when Leeuwenhoek first reported crystals that were composed of spermine phosphate in seminal fluid. Their quantification and biosynthetic pathway were first described by Herb and Celia Tabor in collaboration with Sanford Rosenthal in the late 1950s. This work led to immense interest in their physiological functions. The 11 Minireviews in this collection illustrate many of the wide-ranging biochemical effects of the polyamines. This series provides a fitting tribute to Herb Tabor on the occasion of his 100th birthday, demonstrating clearly the importance and growth of the research field that he pioneered in the late 1950s and has contributed to for many years. His studies of the synthesis, function, and toxicity of polyamines have yielded multiple insights into fundamental biochemical processes and formed the basis of successful and continuing drug development. This Minireview series reviews the highly diverse properties of polyamines in bacteria, protozoa, and mammals, highlighting the importance of these molecules in growth, development, and response to the environment, and their involvement in diseases, including cancer, and those caused by parasitic protozoans.