Jan Kučera1, Zdeněk Spáčil1, David Friedecký2, Jan Novák3, Matěj Pekař4,5, Julie Bienertová-Vašků1,3. 1. Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. 2. Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic. 3. Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. 4. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. 5. Department of Surgery, Vitkovice Hospital, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Interest in metabolites produced by adipose tissue has increased substantially in the past several decades. Previously regarded as an inert energy storage depot, adipose tissue is now viewed as a complex metabolically active organ with considerable impact on human health. The emerging field of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics presents a powerful tool for the study of processes in complex biological matrices including adipose tissue. RESULTS: A large number of structurally distinct metabolites can be analyzed to facilitate the investigation of differences between physiological and pathophysiological metabolic profiles associated with adipose tissue. Understanding the molecular basis of adipose tissue regulation can thereby provide insight into the monitoring of obesity-related metabolic disorders and lead to the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides the current state of knowledge, recent progress, and critical evaluation of metabolomics approaches in the context of white adipose tissue and obesity. An overview of basic principles and resources describing individual groups of metabolites analyzed in white adipose tissue and biological fluids is given. The focus is on metabolites that can serve as reliable biomarkers indicative of metabolic alterations associated with obesity.
OBJECTIVE: Interest in metabolites produced by adipose tissue has increased substantially in the past several decades. Previously regarded as an inert energy storage depot, adipose tissue is now viewed as a complex metabolically active organ with considerable impact on human health. The emerging field of mass spectrometry-based metabolomics presents a powerful tool for the study of processes in complex biological matrices including adipose tissue. RESULTS: A large number of structurally distinct metabolites can be analyzed to facilitate the investigation of differences between physiological and pathophysiological metabolic profiles associated with adipose tissue. Understanding the molecular basis of adipose tissue regulation can thereby provide insight into the monitoring of obesity-related metabolic disorders and lead to the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS: This review provides the current state of knowledge, recent progress, and critical evaluation of metabolomics approaches in the context of white adipose tissue and obesity. An overview of basic principles and resources describing individual groups of metabolites analyzed in white adipose tissue and biological fluids is given. The focus is on metabolites that can serve as reliable biomarkers indicative of metabolic alterations associated with obesity.
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