Ioannis Kyrou1, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos2, Georgia-Maria Kouli3, Ekavi Georgousopoulou4, Christina Chrysohoou5, Constantine Tsigos3, Dimitrios Tousoulis5, Christos Pitsavos5. 1. Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Aston Medical Research Institute, Aston Medical School, Aston University, B4 7ET, Birmingham, UK; Translational & Experimental Medicine, Division of Biomedical Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK; WISDEM, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, CV2 2DX, Coventry, UK. 2. Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia. Electronic address: dbpanag@hua.gr. 3. Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece. 4. Department of Science of Dietetics and Nutrition, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece; Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia. 5. First Cardiology Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The lipid accumulation product (LAP) is an index describing lipid over-accumulation based on waist circumference (WC) and fasting triglycerides, and can outperform the body mass index (BMI) in recognizing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to explore the association of LAP with long-term CVD risk and compare its CVD-predictive value against common anthropometric indices/ratios of obesity. METHODS: ATTICA is a prospective, population-based cohort that recruited 3042 adults without pre-existing CVD from the Greek general population (age 18-89 years; 1514 men). The 10-year study follow-up (2011-2012) captured the fatal/non-fatal CVD incidence in 2020 participants (50% men). Baseline LAP (cm·mmol/L) was calculated and analyzed in relation to the 10-year CVD incidence. RESULTS: In total, 317 CVD cases (15.7%) were documented during the follow-up. Baseline LAP showed a significant positive association with the 10-year CVD incidence, even after adjusting for hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, physical activity, Mediterranean diet adherence, and key pro-inflammatory biomarkers (Hazard Ratios per 10 cm·mmol/L of LAP ranging from 1.1 to 1.21, p = 0.04). Moreover, LAP predicted the 10-year CVD study incidence better than common obesity indices (BMI, WC, waist-to-hip, waist-to-height ratio). CONCLUSIONS: These findings support a positive association between LAP and long-term CVD incidence in CVD-free Caucasian adults from the general population.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The lipid accumulation product (LAP) is an index describing lipid over-accumulation based on waist circumference (WC) and fasting triglycerides, and can outperform the body mass index (BMI) in recognizing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to explore the association of LAP with long-term CVD risk and compare its CVD-predictive value against common anthropometric indices/ratios of obesity. METHODS: ATTICA is a prospective, population-based cohort that recruited 3042 adults without pre-existing CVD from the Greek general population (age 18-89 years; 1514 men). The 10-year study follow-up (2011-2012) captured the fatal/non-fatal CVD incidence in 2020 participants (50% men). Baseline LAP (cm·mmol/L) was calculated and analyzed in relation to the 10-year CVD incidence. RESULTS: In total, 317 CVD cases (15.7%) were documented during the follow-up. Baseline LAP showed a significant positive association with the 10-year CVD incidence, even after adjusting for hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, physical activity, Mediterranean diet adherence, and key pro-inflammatory biomarkers (Hazard Ratios per 10 cm·mmol/L of LAP ranging from 1.1 to 1.21, p = 0.04). Moreover, LAP predicted the 10-year CVD study incidence better than common obesity indices (BMI, WC, waist-to-hip, waist-to-height ratio). CONCLUSIONS: These findings support a positive association between LAP and long-term CVD incidence in CVD-free Caucasian adults from the general population.