| Literature DB >> 30364366 |
Dorit Schöller1, Sara Brucker1, Christl Reisenauer1.
Abstract
Introduction The complication of tape erosion in the urethra following placement of a retropubic (TVT) or transobturator (TOT) tension-free suburethral vaginal sling or an accidental iatrogenic transurethral tape position can result in the formation of a urethrovaginal or vesicovaginal fistula. The objective of the investigation is the evaluation of the management of such rare complications. Patients and Methods Retrospective analysis of 14 patients who were treated for a urethral lesion or urethrovaginal fistula formation status post TVT/TOT placement between June 2011 and February 2018 in the Tübingen University Department of Gynaecology. Results As surgical therapy, 57.1% (n = 8) cases underwent vaginal fistula closure using a Martius flap of the labium majus and in 21.4% (n = 3) using a vaginal rotation skin flap. In 21.4% (n = 3), exclusively vaginal suture reconstruction of the urethra following excision of the tape running transurethrally or tape erosion was performed. 50% (n = 7) of the patients had lasting continence postoperatively without any further need for therapy. In 28.6% (n = 4), there was ongoing stress urinary incontinence, in 21.4% (n = 3) mixed urinary incontinence. Six of the 7 patients with persistent incontinence underwent new placement of a tension-free suburethral retropubic sling (TVT) an average of 8.8 months (5 - 13 months) postoperatively which was uncomplicated in all patients and achieved satisfactory continence. The 3 patients with mixed urinary incontinence and persistent urgency components additionally received anticholinergic medication. During the time period investigated, there were no long-term complications, in particular no recurrent fistulas. Conclusion The rare but relevant complications of a urethral erosion, transurethral tape position or urethrovaginal fistula formation status post TVT/TOT placement can be successfully managed via vaginal surgery. Persistent postoperative urinary incontinence with the need for a two-phase repeat TVT placement following sufficient wound healing must be preoperatively clarified.Entities:
Keywords: Martius flap; TVT erosion; urethral lesion; urethrovaginal fistula
Year: 2018 PMID: 30364366 PMCID: PMC6195430 DOI: 10.1055/a-0704-3461
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ISSN: 0016-5751 Impact factor: 2.915
Table 1 Case overview. Patient characteristics.
| Case no. | Age at time of initial presentation to the Tübingen Dept. of Gynaecology | Diagnosis | Previous surgeries at an external facility | Surgical management |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 52 | TOT running transurethrally | TOT placement 02/2014 | TOT excision, urethral reconstruction. |
| 2 | 50 | Arm of TVT in the urethra | TVT placement 06/2016. | TVT excision, urethral reconstruction using 2 tension-free rows of simple, interrupted sutures 12/2017. |
| 3 | 58 | TVT running transurethrally | TOT placement 05/2011 | TOT excision, urethral reconstruction using 2 tension-free rows of simple, interrupted sutures 09/2016. |
| 4 | 50 | 0.5 cm urethrovaginal fistula | TVT placement 03/2012. | Urethrovaginal fistula closure with Martius flap interposition of the right labium majus 03/2013. |
| 5 | 53 | 4 cm urethrovesicovaginal fistula with destruction of the complete urethra and bladder neck | TVT placement 12/2016. | Reconstruction of the urethra and bladder neck and Martius flap interposition of the left labium majus 10/2017. |
| 6 | 64 | Vaginal, vesical and urethral erosion of the TVT and the anterior mesh | Anterior mesh implantation 2005. | Excision of the implant erosions and reconstruction of the bladder and urethra 01/2014. |
| 7 | 65 | Double 1 mm urethrovaginal fistula | TVT placement 03/2007. | Urethrovaginal fistula closure and Martius flap interposition of the large right labium majus 07/2016. |
| 8 | 59 | 1.5 cm recurrent urethrovaginal fistula | Vaginal hysterectomy and TVT placement 2000. | Urethral reconstruction with vaginal tissue rotation flap 02/2015. |
| 9 | 58 | 2 mm urethrovaginal fistula in the setting of a TOT running transurethrally | TOT placement 02/2014 | TOT partial removal, urethrovaginal fistula closure and Martius flap interposition from the right labium majus 07/2014. |
| 10 | 41 | Double 8 mm recurrent urethrovaginal fistula | TOT placement with suture dehiscence and secondary suture 09/2016. | Urethrovaginal fistula closure and Martius flap interposition from the right labium majus 09/2017. |
| 11 | 60 | 2 mm urethrovaginal fistula with TVT erosion in the urethra | TVT placement 2007 | TVT partial removal, urethral suture using the simple, interrupted suture technique 03/2013. |
| 12 | 72 | 2 mm vesicourethrovaginal fistula in the region of the bladder neck | Vaginal hysterectomy, vaginal sacrospinous fixation according to Amreich-Richter, TVT placement 02/2012. | Urethrovesicovaginal fistula closure and Martius flap interposition from the right labium majus 11/2012. |
| 13 | 60 | 2 cm urethrovaginal fistula | TVT placement 2004. | Urethral reconstruction with vaginal tissue rotation flap 09/2011. |
| 14 | 62 | 2 cm urethrovaginal fistula | TVT placement 04/2017. | Urethrovaginal fistula closure und Martius flap interposition from the right labium majus 02/2018. |
Fig. 1Urethroscopy: a Tape running through the urethra, b right-sided urethral tape penetration.
Fig. 2Gynaecological examination: urethrovaginal fistula.
Fig. 3Gynaecological examination: a urethrovaginal fistula with probe in place, b double urethrovaginal fistula following urethral filling with blue solution, c urethrovaginal fistula with urine leakage.
Fig. 4Closure of the urethrovaginal fistula with Martius flap interposition of the labium majus: a Fat flap rotated from the vulvar to the vaginal wound area; the arrow points to the urethral suture, b the fat flap covers the urethral suture tension-free, c photo after suturing of the fat flap (of the Martius flap).
Fig. 5Urethral reconstruction and fistula closure of the urethrovaginal fistula which is very near the ostium ( a ) with a vaginal tissue rotation flap ( b ), Urethral reconstruction with sutured vaginal tissue flap, the Allis clamps grasp the edges of the vaginal tissue which, in the end, are adapted over the vaginal tissue flaps sutured in the urethra ( c ).
Tab. 1 Fallübersicht. Patientencharakteristika.
| Fall Nr. | Alter zum Zeitpunkt der Erstvorstellung in der Frauenklinik Tübingen | Diagnose | externe Voroperationen | operatives Management |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 52 | transurethraler TOT-Verlauf | TOT-Anlage 02/2014 | TOT-Exzision, Urethrarekonstruktion. |
| 2 | 50 | in der Urethra liegende TVT-Schenkel | TVT-Anlage 06/2016. | TVT-Exzision, Urethrarekonstruktion mittels 2 spannungsfreien Nahtreihen von Einzelknopfnähten 12/2017. |
| 3 | 58 | transurethraler TVT-Verlauf | TOT-Anlage 05/2011 | TOT-Exzision, Urethrarekonstruktion mittels 2 spannungsfreien Nahtreihen von Einzelknopfnähten 09/2016. |
| 4 | 50 | 0,5 cm urethrovaginale Fistel | TVT-Anlage 03/2012. | Urethrovaginaler Fistelverschluss mit Martius-Flap-Interposition der großen Labie rechts 03/2013. |
| 5 | 53 | 4 cm urethrovesikovaginale Fistel mit Destruktion der kompletten Urethra und des Blasenhalses | TVT-Anlage 12/2016. | Rekonstruktion der Urethra und des Blasenhalses und Martius-Flap-Interposition der großen Labie links 10/2017 |
| 6 | 64 | vaginale, vesikale und urethrale Erosion des TVT und des vorderen Netzes | Vordere Netzimplantation 2005. | Exzision der Implantaterosionen und Rekonstruktion der Blase und der Urethra 01/2014 |
| 7 | 65 | doppelte 1 mm urethrovaginale Fistel | TVT-Anlage 03/2007. | Urethrovaginaler Fistelverschluss und Martius-Flap-Interposition der großen Labie rechts 07/2016 |
| 8 | 59 | 1,5 cm urethrovaginale Rezidivfistel | Vaginale Hysterektomie und TVT-Anlage 2000. | Urethrarekonstruktion mit Vaginalhautschwenklappen 02/2015. |
| 9 | 58 | 2 mm urethrovaginale Fistel bei transurethralem TOT-Verlauf | TOT-Anlage 02/2014 | TOT-Teilentfernung, urethrovaginaler Fistelverschluss und Martius-Flap-Interposition von der großen rechten Labie 07/2014 |
| 10 | 41 | doppelte 8 mm urethrovaginale Rezidivfistel | TOT-Anlage mit Nahtdehiszenz und Sekundärenaht 09/2016. | Urethrovaginaler Fistelverschluss und Martius-Flap-Interposition von der großen Labie rechts 09/2017 |
| 11 | 60 | 2 mm urethrovaginale Fistel mit TVT-Erosion in die Urethra | TVT-Anlage 2007 | TVT-Teilentfernung, Urethranaht mittel Einzelknopfnahttechnik 03/2013. |
| 12 | 72 | 2 mm vesikourethrovaginale Fistel im Bereich des Blasenhalses | Vaginaler Hysterektomie, Vaginaefixatio sacrospinalis nach Amreich-Richter, TVT-Anlage 02/2012. | Urethrovesikovaginaler Fistelverschluss und Martius-Flap-Interposition von der rechten großen Labie 11/2012. |
| 13 | 60 | 2 cm urethrovaginale Fistel | TVT-Anlage 2004. | Urethrarekonstruktion mit Vaginalhautschwenklappen 09/2011. |
| 14 | 62 | 2 cm urethrovaginale Fistel | TVT-Anlage 04/2017. | Urethrovaginaler Fistelverschlus und Martius-Flap-Interposition von der rechten großen Labie 02/2018. |
Abb. 1Urethroskopie: a durch die Urethra verlaufendes Band, b rechsseitige urethrale Bandpenetration.
Abb. 2Gynäkologische Untersuchung: urethrovaginale Fistel.
Abb. 3Gynäkologische Untersuchung: a urethrovaginale Fistel mit liegender Sonde, b zweifache urethrovaginale Fistel nach urethraler Auffüllung mit Blaulösung, c urethrovaginale Fistel mit Urinaustritt.
Abb. 4Verschluss der urethrovaginalen Fistel mit Martius-Flap-Interposition vom Labium majus: a aus dem vulvären in das vaginale Wundgebiet geschwenkter Fettlappen; der Pfeil zeigt auf die Urethranaht, b der Fettlappen bedeckt die Urethranaht spannungsfrei, c Bild nach Einnaht des Fettlappens (des Martius-Flaps).
Abb. 5Urethrarekonstruktion und Fistelverschluss der sehr ostiumnah sitzenden urethrovaginalen Fistel ( a ) mit einem Scheidenhautschwenklappen ( b ), Urethrarekonstruktion mit eingenähtem Scheidenhautlappen, die Allis-Klemmen fassen die Scheidenhautränder, die zum Schluss über dem in die Urethra eingenähten Scheidenhautlappen adaptiert werden ( c ).