G Sebastiani1,2, C García-Beltran1,2, S Pie3, A Guerra3, A López-Bermejo4, J S de Toledo5, F de Zegher6,7, F Rosés3,8, L Ibáñez1,2. 1. Endocrinology Unit, Pediatric Research Institute Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Esplugues, Spain. 2. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. 3. Pediatric Cardiology Department, Hospital Materno-Infantil Vall d'Hebron, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. 4. Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain. 5. Cardiology Department, Pediatric Research Institute Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, Esplugues, Spain. 6. Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. 7. Department of Development and Regeneration, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. 8. Paediatric Cardiology Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The sequence of prenatal growth restraint and postnatal catch-up growth leads to a thicker intima-media and more pre-peritoneal fat by age 3-6 years. OBJECTIVES: To study whether carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and pre-peritoneal fat differ already between catch-up small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) controls in late infancy (ages 1 and 2 years) and whether such differences - if any - are accompanied by differences in cardiac morphology and function. METHODS: Longitudinal assessments included body height and weight; fasting glucose, insulin, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I), high-molecular-weight adiponectin; body composition (by absorptiometry); cIMT, aortic IMT, pre-peritoneal fat partitioning (by ultrasound); cardiac morphometry and function (by echocardiography) in AGA and SGA infants at birth, at age 1 year (N = 87), and again at age 2 years (N = 68). RESULTS: Catch-up SGA infants had already a thicker cIMT than AGA controls at ages 1 and 2 years, and more pre-peritoneal fat by age 2 years (all p values between <0.01 and <0.0001); all cardiac and endocrine-metabolic results were similar in AGA and SGA infants at ages 1 and 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: From late infancy onwards, catch-up SGA infants have a thicker cIMT and more pre-peritoneal fat than AGA controls, but their cardiac morphology and function remain reassuringly similar.
BACKGROUND: The sequence of prenatal growth restraint and postnatal catch-up growth leads to a thicker intima-media and more pre-peritoneal fat by age 3-6 years. OBJECTIVES: To study whether carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and pre-peritoneal fat differ already between catch-up small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) controls in late infancy (ages 1 and 2 years) and whether such differences - if any - are accompanied by differences in cardiac morphology and function. METHODS: Longitudinal assessments included body height and weight; fasting glucose, insulin, Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I), high-molecular-weight adiponectin; body composition (by absorptiometry); cIMT, aortic IMT, pre-peritoneal fat partitioning (by ultrasound); cardiac morphometry and function (by echocardiography) in AGA and SGA infants at birth, at age 1 year (N = 87), and again at age 2 years (N = 68). RESULTS: Catch-up SGA infants had already a thicker cIMT than AGA controls at ages 1 and 2 years, and more pre-peritoneal fat by age 2 years (all p values between <0.01 and <0.0001); all cardiac and endocrine-metabolic results were similar in AGA and SGA infants at ages 1 and 2 years. CONCLUSIONS: From late infancy onwards, catch-up SGA infants have a thicker cIMT and more pre-peritoneal fat than AGA controls, but their cardiac morphology and function remain reassuringly similar.
Authors: Camila E Orsso; Eloisa Colin-Ramirez; Catherine J Field; Karen L Madsen; Carla M Prado; Andrea M Haqq Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-09-08 Impact factor: 5.717